Toxicokinetics of T-2 toxin and its major metabolites in broiler chickens after intravenous and oral administration

• Published in: Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Vol. 38; no. 1; pp. 80 - 85
• Main Authors: Sun, Y. X., Yao, X., Shi, S. N., Zhang, G. J., Xu, L. X., Liu, Y. J., Fang, B. H.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.02.2015
• Subjects: Administration, Oral; Animals; Area Under Curve; Chickens; Half-Life; Injections, Intravenous; Molecular Structure; Poultry Diseases - chemically induced; Poultry Diseases - metabolism; T-2 Toxin - administration & dosage; T-2 Toxin - blood; T-2 Toxin - chemistry; T-2 Toxin - pharmacokinetics; T-2 Toxin - toxicity
• ISSN: 0140-7783; 1365-2885
• DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12142

T‐2 toxin, one of the most toxic trichothecene mycotoxins, causes economic losses in animal production. Little information is available on the toxicokinetic parameters of T‐2 toxin and its major metabolites (i.e., HT‐2 toxin and T‐2 triol) in broiler chickens. In this study, toxicokinetics of T‐2 toxin and its major metabolites were evaluated in broiler chickens after a single intravenous (0.5 mg/kg b.w.) and multiple oral administrations (2.0 mg/kg b.w., every 12 h for 2 days). Plasma concentration profiles of T‐2 toxin and its metabolites were analyzed by a noncompartmental model method. Following intravenous administration, the terminal elimination half‐lives (t1/2λz) of T‐2 toxin, HT‐2 toxin, and T‐2 triol were 17.33 ± 1.07 min, 33.62 ± 3.08 min, and 9.60 ± 0.50 min, respectively. Following multiple oral administrations, no plasma levels above the limit of quantification were observed for HT‐2 toxin. The t1/2λz of T‐2 toxin and T‐2 triol was 23.40 ± 2.94 min and 87.60 ± 29.40 min, respectively. Peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) of 53.10 ± 10.42 ng/mL (T‐2 toxin) and 47.64 ± 9.19 ng/mL (T‐2 triol) were observed at Tmax of 13.20 ± 4.80 min and 38.40 ± 15.00 min, respectively. T‐2 toxin had a low absolute oral bioavailability (17.07%). Results showed that the T‐2 toxin was rapidly absorbed and most of the T‐2 toxin was extensively transformed to metabolites in broiler chickens.