Genomic Characterization of a Novel Freshwater Cyanophage Reveals a New Lineage of Cyanopodovirus

Cyanobacteria are one of the dominant autotrophs in tropical freshwater communities, yet phages infecting them remain poorly characterized. Here we present the characterization of cyanophage S-SRP02, isolated from a tropical freshwater lake in Singapore, which infects sp. Strain SR-C1 isolated from...

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Published inFrontiers in microbiology Vol. 12; p. 768868
Main Authors Zhang, Dong, He, Yiliang, Gin, Karina Yew-Hoong
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 12.01.2022
Subjects
cyanophage
freshwater Synechococcus
metagenomic mapping
Microbiology
new evolutionary lineage
phylogenetic analysis
tropical freshwater environments
cyanophage
phylogenetic analysis
freshwater Synechococcus
metagenomic mapping
new evolutionary lineage
tropical freshwater environments
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Summary:Cyanobacteria are one of the dominant autotrophs in tropical freshwater communities, yet phages infecting them remain poorly characterized. Here we present the characterization of cyanophage S-SRP02, isolated from a tropical freshwater lake in Singapore, which infects sp. Strain SR-C1 isolated from the same lake. S-SRP02 represents a new evolutionary lineage of cyanophage. Out of 47 open reading frames (ORFs), only 20 ORFs share homology with genes encoding proteins of known function. There is lack of auxiliary metabolic genes which was commonly found as core genes in marine cyanopodoviruses. S-SRP02 also harbors unique structural genes highly divergent from other cultured phages. Phylogenetic analysis and viral proteomic tree further demonstrate the divergence of S-SRP02 from other sequenced phage isolates. Nonetheless, S-SRP02 shares synteny with phage genes of uncultured phages obtained from the Mediterranean Sea deep chlorophyll maximum fosmids, indicating the ecological importance of S-SRP02 and its related viruses. This is further supported by metagenomic mapping of environmental viral metagenomic reads onto the S-SRP02 genome.
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Reviewed by: Wei-Hua Chen, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China; Arturo Becerra, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico
Edited by: Nikolai Ravin, Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Russia
This article was submitted to Evolutionary and Genomic Microbiology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Microbiology
ISSN:1664-302X
1664-302X
DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2021.768868