Comparison of Phytochemicals, Antioxidant, and In Vitro Anti-Alzheimer Properties of Twenty-Seven Morus spp. Cultivated in Thailand

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 25; no. 11; p. 2600
• Main Authors: Temviriyanukul, Piya, Sritalahareuthai, Varittha, Jom, Kriskamol Na, Jongruaysup, Butsara, Tabtimsri, Somying, Pruesapan, Kanchana, Thangsiri, Sirinapa, Inthachat, Woorawee, Siriwan, Dalad, Charoenkiatkul, Somsri, Suttisansanee, Uthaiwan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI 03.06.2020; MDPI AG
• Subjects: Acetylcholinesterase; Alzheimer Disease - prevention & control; Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases - antagonists & inhibitors; anthocyanidins; anthocyanins; anti-Alzheimer properties; antioxidant; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases - antagonists & inhibitors; beta-secretase 1; Butyrylcholinesterase - chemistry; Enzyme Inhibitors - pharmacology; GPI-Linked Proteins - antagonists & inhibitors; Humans; Morus - chemistry; Morus species; Phytochemicals - pharmacology; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; anthocyanidins; antioxidant; beta-secretase 1; anti-Alzheimer properties; anthocyanins; Morus species
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112600

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. To fight the disease, natural products, including mulberry, with antioxidant activities and inhibitory activities against key enzymes (acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and beta-secretase 1 (BACE-1)) are of interest. However, even in the same cultivars, mulberry trees grown in different populated locations might possess disparate amounts of phytochemical profiles, leading to dissimilar health properties, which cause problems when comparing different cultivars of mulberry. Therefore, this study aimed to comparatively investigate the phytochemicals, antioxidant activities, and inhibitory activities against AChE, BChE, and BACE-1, of twenty-seven spp. cultivated in the same planting area in Thailand. The results suggested that fruit samples were rich in phenolics, especially cyanidin, kuromanin, and keracyanin. Besides, the aqueous fruit extracts exhibited antioxidant activities, both in single electron transfer (SET) and hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) mechanisms, while strong inhibitory activities against AD key enzymes were observed. Interestingly, among the twenty-seven spp., sp. code SKSM 810191 with high phytochemicals, antioxidant activities and in vitro anti-AD properties is a promising cultivar for further developed as a potential mulberry resource with health benefits against AD.