Organoid Models for Precision Cancer Immunotherapy

Cancer immunotherapy is exploited for the treatment of disease by modulating the immune system. Since the conventional animal and 2D models insufficiently recapitulate the complex tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) of the original tumor. In addition, due to the involvement of the immune system in...

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Published inFrontiers in immunology Vol. 13; p. 770465
Main Authors Sun, Cai-Ping, Lan, Huan-Rong, Fang, Xing-Liang, Yang, Xiao-Yun, Jin, Ke-Tao
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 05.04.2022
Subjects
Animals
cancer
Humans
Immunology
Immunotherapy
Neoplasms - pathology
organoid
Organoids
Precision Medicine
Tumor Microenvironment
precision medicine
cancer
tumor microenvironment
immunotherapy
organoid
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Summary:Cancer immunotherapy is exploited for the treatment of disease by modulating the immune system. Since the conventional animal and 2D models insufficiently recapitulate the complex tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) of the original tumor. In addition, due to the involvement of the immune system in cancer immunotherapy, more physiomimetic cancer models, such as patient-derived organoids (PDOs), are required to evaluate the efficacy of immunotherapy agents. On the other hand, the dynamic interactions between the neoplastic cells and non-neoplastic host components in the TIME can promote carcinogenesis, tumor metastasis, cancer progression, and drug resistance of cancer cells. Indeed, tumor organoid models can properly recapitulate the TIME by preserving endogenous stromal components including various immune cells, or by adding exogenous immune cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), vasculature, and other components. Therefore, organoid culture platforms could model immunotherapy responses and facilitate the immunotherapy preclinical testing. Here, we discuss the various organoid culture approaches for the modeling of TIME and the applications of complex tumor organoids in testing cancer immunotherapeutics and personalized cancer immunotherapy.
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These authors have contributed equally to this work
Edited by: Alessandro Poggi, San Martino Hospital (IRCCS), Italy
Reviewed by: Silvia Guil-Luna, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Spain; Steven Forsythe, Wake Forest School of Medicine, United States; Mikaela Grönholm, University of Helsinki, Finland
This article was submitted to Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy, a section of the journal Frontiers in Immunology
ISSN:1664-3224
1664-3224
DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2022.770465