The role of new zinc incorporated monetite cements on osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells

• Published in: Materials Science & Engineering C Vol. 78; pp. 485 - 494
• Main Authors: Cama, G., Nkhwa, S., Gharibi, B., Lagazzo, A., Cabella, R., Carbone, C., Dubruel, P., Haugen, H., Di Silvio, L., Deb, S.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.09.2017; Elsevier BV
• Subjects: Biocompatibility; Bone cements; Calcium Phosphates; Cell culture; Cell Differentiation; Cell proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Crystal lattices; Differentiation; Diffraction; Gene expression; Human mesenchymal stem cells; Humans; Ions; Materials science; Mesenchymal stem cells; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells; Mesenchyme; Mineralization; Monetite cement; Osteogenesis; Particulates; Phosphates; Stem cells; Studies; Tricalcium phosphate; Zinc; Zinc doped β-tricalcium phosphate particles; Zinc oxide; Zinc oxides; Human mesenchymal stem cells; Zinc doped β-tricalcium phosphate particles; Monetite cement; Zinc
• ISSN: 0928-4931; 1873-0191
• DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.04.086

β-Tricalcium phosphate particles were sintered in the presence of different amounts (0–0.72mol) of zinc oxide (ZnO) to prepare zinc doped β-TCP (Znβ-TCP) particles for further use in novel monetite (DCPA: CaHPO4) zinc incorporated bone cements with osteogenic differentiation potential towards human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). XRD analysis of zinc incorporated cements prepared with β-TCP reagent particles doped with different amount of ZnO (i.e. 0.03, 0.09 and 0.18mol ZnO) revealed the presence of unreacted Znβ-TCP and monetite. Furthermore, it was shown that zinc ions preferentially occupied the β-TCP crystal lattice rather than the monetite one. Release experiments indicated a burst release of ions from the different fabricated cements during the first 24h of immersion with zinc concentrations ranging between 85 and 100% of the total concentration released over a period of 21days. Cell proliferation significantly increased (P<0.05) on zinc incorporated monetite respect to control samples (Zinc-free cement) at 7 and 14days post seeding. The expression of Runx-2 was significantly up regulated (P<0.05) in the case of cells seeded on monetite prepared with β-TCP doped with 0.03 moles of ZnO. On the other hand, the cell mineralization as well as the expression of osteogenic marker genes ALP and OSC decreased significantly (P<0.05) at 14days post cell seeding. In conclusion, these results suggest that the zinc ions released from the cements during the first 24h of culture played a critical role in regulating the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. •The fabrication of novel zinc incorporated monetite cements is reported•The setting reaction of the cements was carried out in presence of β-TCP reagent powders doped with zinc ions•The release of zinc from the monetite cement regulated the late response of hMSCs