Neurotransmitter and Intestinal Interactions: Focus on the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder of unknown etiology. IBS is caused by a disruption in the gut-brain axis. Given the importance of the gut microbiota in maintaining local and systemic homeostasis of immunity, endocrine, and other physiological processes, the m...

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Published inFrontiers in endocrinology (Lausanne) Vol. 13; p. 817100
Main Authors Chen, Minjia, Ruan, Guangcong, Chen, Lu, Ying, Senhong, Li, Guanhu, Xu, Fenghua, Xiao, Zhifeng, Tian, Yuting, Lv, Linling, Ping, Yi, Cheng, Yi, Wei, Yanling
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 16.02.2022
Subjects
5-HT
Brain-Gut Axis
dopamine
Endocrinology
GABA
Gastrointestinal Microbiome - physiology
Humans
irritable bowel syndrome
Irritable Bowel Syndrome - etiology
Microbiota
microbiota-gut-brain axis
Neurotransmitter Agents
neurotransmitters
histamine
irritable bowel syndrome
neurotransmitters
GABA
microbiota-gut-brain axis
5-HT
dopamine
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Summary:Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder of unknown etiology. IBS is caused by a disruption in the gut-brain axis. Given the importance of the gut microbiota in maintaining local and systemic homeostasis of immunity, endocrine, and other physiological processes, the microbiota-gut-brain axis has been proposed as a key regulator in IBS. Neurotransmitters have been shown to affect blood flow regulation, intestinal motility, nutrient absorption, the gastrointestinal immune system, and the microbiota in recent studies. It has the potential role to play a function in the pathophysiology of the gastrointestinal and neurological systems. Transmitters and their receptors, including 5-hydroxytryptamine, dopamine, γ-aminobutyric acid, and histamine, play an important role in IBS, especially in visceral sensitivity and gastrointestinal motility. Studies in this field have shed light on revealing the mechanism by which neurotransmitters act in the pathogenesis of IBS and discovering new therapeutic strategies based on traditional pharmacological approaches that target the nervous system or novel therapies that target the microbiota.
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This article was submitted to Gut Endocrinology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Endocrinology
The authors have contributed equally to this work
Edited by: Cristina Giaroni, University of Insubria, Italy
Reviewed by: Xuping Zhu, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, China; Rocchina Colucci, University of Padua, Italy
ISSN:1664-2392
1664-2392
DOI:10.3389/fendo.2022.817100