Obesity Challenge Drives Distinct Maternal Immune Response Changes in Normal Pregnant and Abortion-Prone Mouse Models
Obesity is prevalent among women of reproductive age and is associated with increased risk of developing multiple pregnancy disorders. Pregnancy must induce immune tolerance to avoid fetal rejection, while obesity can cause chronic inflammation through activating the immune system. Impaired maternal...
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Published in | Frontiers in immunology Vol. 12; p. 694077 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Switzerland
Frontiers Media S.A
09.06.2021
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Obesity is prevalent among women of reproductive age and is associated with increased risk of developing multiple pregnancy disorders. Pregnancy must induce immune tolerance to avoid fetal rejection, while obesity can cause chronic inflammation through activating the immune system. Impaired maternal immuno-tolerance leads to pregnancy failure, such as recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA), one of the most common complications during early pregnancy. How does maternal immune response change under obesity stress in normal pregnancy and RSA? In turn, is obesity affected by different gestational statuses? Limited information is presently available now. Our study investigated pregnancy outcomes and maternal immune responses in two murine models (normal pregnancy and spontaneous abortion models) after obesity challenge with a high-fat diet (HFD). Abortion-prone mice fed HFD had significantly higher weight gains during pregnancy than normal pregnant mice with HFD feeding. Nonetheless, the embryo implantation and resorption rates were comparable between HFD and normal chow diet (NCD)-fed mice in each model. Evaluation of immune cell subsets showed HFD-induced obesity drove the upregulation of activated NK cell-activating receptor (NKp46)
NK cells and pro-inflammatory macrophages (MHCII
M
) as well as CD4
and CD8
T cells in the normal pregnancy group. However, in the abortion-prone group, relative more immature NK cells with decreased activity phenotypes were found in obese mice. Moreover, there were increased DCreg (CD11b
DC) cells and decreased CD4
and CD8
T cells detected in the HFD abortion-prone mice relative to those fed the NCD diet. Our findings reveal how pregnancy obesity and maternal immune regulation are mutually influenced. It is worth noting that the abortion-prone model where active maternal immune status was intensified by obesity, in turn stimulated an overcompensation response, leading to an over-tolerized immune status, and predisposing to potential risks of perinatal complications. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 This article was submitted to Immunological Tolerance and Regulation, a section of the journal Frontiers in Immunology Edited by: Lei Huang, Newcastle University, United Kingdom These authors have contributed equally to this work and share first authorship Reviewed by: Daniela D. Pollak, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Jinying Yang, Guangzhou Medical University, China |
ISSN: | 1664-3224 1664-3224 |
DOI: | 10.3389/fimmu.2021.694077 |