Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Autoimmune Pathogenesis

Autoimmune diseases are conditions that emerge from abnormal immune responses to natural parts of the body. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous structures found in almost all types of cells. Because EVs often transport "cargo" between cells, their ability to crosstalk may be an imp...

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Published inFrontiers in immunology Vol. 11; p. 579043
Main Authors Wu, Wen-Cheng, Song, Sheng-Jiao, Zhang, Yuan, Li, Xing
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 23.09.2020
Subjects
autoimmune disease
biomarker
cell communication
extracellular vesicle
Immunology
pathogenesis
pathogenesis
biomarker
cell communication
autoimmune disease
extracellular vesicle
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Summary:Autoimmune diseases are conditions that emerge from abnormal immune responses to natural parts of the body. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous structures found in almost all types of cells. Because EVs often transport "cargo" between cells, their ability to crosstalk may be an important communication pathway within the body. The pathophysiological role of EVs is increasingly recognized in autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren's syndrome, Type 1 diabetes, and autoimmune thyroid disease. EVs are considered as biomarkers of these diseases. This article outlines existing knowledge on the biogenesis of EVs, their role as messegers in cellular communication and the function in T/B cell differentiation and maturation, and focusing on their potential application in autoimmune diseases.
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Edited by: Attila Mócsai, Semmelweis University, Hungary
This article was submitted to Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Disorders, a section of the journal Frontiers in Immunology
Reviewed by: Silvia Martina Ferrari, University of Pisa, Italy; Victoria Patricia Werth, University of Pennsylvania, United States; Carlo Perricone, Sapienza Università di Roma, Italy
ISSN:1664-3224
1664-3224
DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2020.579043