A head mounted device stimulator for optogenetic retinal prosthesis

• Published in: Journal of neural engineering Vol. 15; no. 6; p. 065002
• Main Authors: Soltan, Ahmed, Barrett, John Martin, Maaskant, Pleun, Armstrong, Niall, Al-Atabany, Walid, Chaudet, Lionel, Neil, Mark, Sernagor, Evelyne, Degenaar, Patrick
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England IOP Publishing 01.12.2018
• Subjects: Algorithms; channelrhodopsin; Channelrhodopsins; electronics; Humans; optogenetics; Optogenetics - methods; Photic Stimulation; Prosthesis Design; regulatory; Retina - physiology; retinal prosthesis; retinitis pigmentosa; Retinitis Pigmentosa - rehabilitation; Software; The Eye and the Chip 2017; Virtual Reality; Visual Cortex - physiology; Visual Prosthesis
• ISSN: 1741-2560; 1741-2552
• DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/aadd55

Objective. Our main objective is to demonstrate that compact high radiance gallium nitride displays can be used with conventional virtual reality optics to stimulate an optogenetic retina. Hence, we aim to introduce a non-invasive approach to restore vision for people with conditions such as retinitis pigmentosa where there is a remaining viable communication link between the retina and the visual cortex. Approach. We design and implement the headset using a high-density µLED matrix, Raspberry Pi, microcontroller from NXP and virtual reality lens. Then, a test platform is developed to evaluate the performance of the headset and the optical system. Furthermore, image simplification algorithms are used to simplify the scene to be sent to the retina. Moreover, in vivo evaluation of the genetically modified retina response at different light intensity is discussed to prove the reliability of the proposed system. Main results. We demonstrate that in keeping with regulatory guidance, the headset displays need to limit their luminance to 90 kcd m−2. We demonstrate an optical system with 5.75% efficiency which allows for 0.16 mW mm−2 irradiance on the retina within the regulatory guidance, but which is capable of an average peak irradiance of 1.35 mW mm−2. As this is lower than the commonly accepted threshold for channelrhodopsin-2, we demonstrate efficacy through an optical model of an eye onto a biological retina. Significance. We demonstrate a fully functional 8100-pixel headset system including software/hardware which can operate on a standard consumer battery for periods exceeding a 24 h recharge cycle. The headset is capable of delivering enough light to stimulate the genetically modified retina cells and also keeping the amount of light below the regulation threshold for safety.