Prophage Activation in the Intestine: Insights Into Functions and Possible Applications

Prophage activation in intestinal environments has been frequently reported to affect host adaptability, pathogen virulence, gut bacterial community composition, and intestinal health. Prophage activation is mostly caused by various stimulators, such as diet, antibiotics, some bacterial metabolites,...

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Published inFrontiers in microbiology Vol. 12; p. 785634
Main Authors Hu, Jie, Ye, Hao, Wang, Shilan, Wang, Junjun, Han, Dandan
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 13.12.2021
Subjects
gut microbes
intestinal health
microbial regulation
Microbiology
phage therapy
prophage activation
prophage activation
gut microbes
intestinal health
phage therapy
microbial regulation
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Summary:Prophage activation in intestinal environments has been frequently reported to affect host adaptability, pathogen virulence, gut bacterial community composition, and intestinal health. Prophage activation is mostly caused by various stimulators, such as diet, antibiotics, some bacterial metabolites, gastrointestinal transit, inflammatory environment, oxidative stress, and quorum sensing. Moreover, with advancements in biotechnology and the deepening cognition of prophages, prophage activation regulation therapy is currently applied to the treatment of some bacterial intestinal diseases such as Shiga toxin-producing infection. This review aims to make headway on prophage induction in the intestine, in order to make a better understanding of dynamic changes of prophages, effects of prophage activation on physiological characteristics of bacteria and intestinal health, and subsequently provide guidance on prophage activation regulation therapy.
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Reviewed by: Bozena Nejman-Falenczyk, University of Gdańsk, Poland; Xiaolong Xu, Capital Medical University, China
This article was submitted to Microbial Symbioses, a section of the journal Frontiers in Microbiology
Edited by: Jia Yin, Hunan Normal University, China
ISSN:1664-302X
1664-302X
DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2021.785634