Apoptosis control and proliferation marker in human normal and neoplastic adrenocortical tissues

• Published in: British journal of cancer Vol. 86; no. 10; pp. 1561 - 1565
• Main Authors: BERNINI, G. P, MORETTI, A, VIACAVA, P, BONADIO, A. G, IACCONI, P, MICCOLI, P, SALVETTI, A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basingstoke Nature Publishing Group 20.05.2002
• Subjects: Adenocarcinoma - chemistry; Adenocarcinoma - metabolism; Adenocarcinoma - pathology; Adenoma - chemistry; Adenoma - pathology; Adrenal Cortex - chemistry; Adrenal Cortex - cytology; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms - chemistry; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms - metabolism; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms - pathology; Adrenals. Adrenal axis. Renin-angiotensin system (diseases); Adult; Aged; Aldosterone - metabolism; Antigens, Nuclear; Apoptosis; Biological and medical sciences; Biomarkers, Tumor - analysis; Blood pressure; Cancer research; Cell cycle; Cell Division; Cell growth; Endocrinopathies; Female; Humans; Ki-67 Antigen; Male; Malignant tumors; Medical research; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Molecular and Cellular Pathology; Mutation; Neoplasm Proteins - analysis; Nuclear Proteins - analysis; Proteins; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 - analysis; Surgery; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 - analysis; Tumors; Italy; Endocrinopathy; Human; Immunohistochemistry; Cell proliferation; Carcinoma; Adrenal cortex diseases; Adrenal cortex; Biological marker; Malignant tumor; Adenoma; Pathology; TP53 Gene; Cell death; C-Onc gene; Adrenal gland diseases; Ki67 antigen; Genetics; Benign neoplasm; Protooncogene; Apoptosis; Tumor suppressor gene
• ISSN: 0007-0920; 1532-1827
• DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600287

We evaluated by immunohistochemistry the expression of the Bcl-2 and p53 proteins, as markers of apoptosis control, and of MIB-1, as a marker of cell proliferation, in a series of normal and neoplastic adrenocortical tissues. The specimens were 13 normal adrenals, 13 aldosterone-producing adenomas, 13 non-functioning adenomas and 16 carcinomas. Results were calculated as percentage of immunostained cells by using specific antibodies. No p53 protein was detected in any of the adrenocortical adenomas (functioning and non functioning) or normal adrenals, while p53 was overexpressed in 15 out of 16 carcinomas. In particular, 10 adrenal cancer specimens (62.5%) showed strong staining in a high percentage (range 10-50%) of the malignant cells. The percentage of Bcl-2 positive cells was higher (P<0.05 or less) in non-functioning adenomas (8.1+/-1.9%) and in carcinomas (14.9+/-5.6%) than in normals (2.9+/-0.9%) and aldosterone-producing adenomas (5.3+/-1.3%) since four specimens of the non-functioning adenomas-group (30.7%) and six of the carcinomas-group (37.5%) showed over 10% positivity (cut-off for normal values, set at 90th percentile of our controls). MIB-1 positivity was 0.50+/-0.36% in normals, 0.54+/-0.08% in non-functioning adenomas and 0.54+/-0.08% in aldosterone-producing adenomas. MIB-1 was expressed in all carcinomas with values (13.7+/-3.1%) significantly (P<0.0006) higher than in the other groups. In conclusion, the present data indicate that the apoptosis control and proliferation activity evaluated by the p53 and MIB-1 proteins are impaired in adrenal carcinomas but preserved in adenomas, independently of their functional status. Therefore, these immunohistochemical markers, overexpressed in carcinomas only, may be useful in the diagnosis of malignancy in adrenocortical tumours. Whether Bcl-2 positivity found in some carcinomas and non-functioning adenomas may constitute, in the latter, a negative prognostic marker is still unknown.