Differential impact of maternal and paternal ethnicity on the pattern of fat distribution in infants at age 3 months

• Published in: Pediatric obesity Vol. 11; no. 1; pp. 11 - 17
• Main Authors: Kramer, C. K., Hamilton, J. K., Ye, C., Hanley, A. J., Connelly, P. W, Sermer, M., Zinman, B., Retnakaran, R.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.02.2016; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Adiposity - ethnology; Asian Continental Ancestry Group; Babies; Body fat; Body Fat Distribution; Childrens health; Developmental origins; Ethnic Groups; Ethnicity; European Continental Ancestry Group; Fathers; Female; Humans; Infant; infant adiposity; Male; Mothers; Obesity; Obesity - ethnology; Odds Ratio; parental ethnicity; Parents & parenting; Pediatrics; Skinfold Thickness; infant adiposity; parental ethnicity; Developmental origins
• ISSN: 2047-6302; 2047-6310
• DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12012

Summary Background As ethnicity is typically recorded as a single demographic variable in clinical studies, little is known about the relative impact of maternal vs. paternal ethnicity on fat distribution. Objectives The objective of this study was to determine whether there is a differential impact of maternal and paternal ethnicity on infant adiposity. Methods Three hundred fifty‐five infants underwent anthropometric assessment at age 3 months, including skin‐fold thickness (SFT) measurement at subscapular, suprailiac and triceps. Maternal (M) and paternal (P) ethnicity were classified as white (M = 241, P = 252), Asian (M = 50, P = 42) or other (M = 64, P = 61). Results Infants with either Asian mother (compared with white) or Asian father (compared with white) had increased subscapular, suprailiac and triceps SFT (all P < 0.05). On logistic regression analysis, however, only maternal Asian ethnicity (compared with white) independently predicted the likelihood of an infant being in the highest tertile for SFT at subscapular (odds ratio [OR] = 2.72, 95% confidence interval 1.17–6.34, P = 0.02), suprailiac (OR = 3.56, 1.51–8.42, P = 0.004) and triceps (OR = 3.26, 1.40–7.55, P = 0.005). In contrast, paternal Asian ethnicity was independently associated with sum of SFT only (OR = 2.46, 1.02–5.97, P = 0.04). Conclusion Maternal and paternal Asian ethnicity have differential effects on infant fat distribution. Future clinical studies on obesity and fat composition should consider the distinct contributions of both parents to the ethnic classification of participants.