Surface analysis of lipids by mass spectrometry: More than just imaging

• Published in: Progress in lipid research Vol. 52; no. 4; pp. 329 - 353
• Main Authors: Ellis, Shane R., Brown, Simon H., in het Panhuis, Marc, Blanksby, Stephen J., Mitchell, Todd W.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.10.2013
• Subjects: Ambient ionization; Humans; image analysis; Lasers; Lipidomics; lipids; Lipids - analysis; Lipids - isolation & purification; Liquid-Liquid Extraction; Mass Spectrometry; Mass spectrometry imaging; metabolism; Temperature; Thin-layer chromatography; FFA; PNA; IR-MALDI; PS; THAP; NIMS; DESI; DIOS; LAESI; ME-SIMS; GalCer; SSSP; CHCA; CID; LESA; PSI; Mass spectrometry imaging; IR; Lipidomics; PVDF; 9-AA; PESI; PCA; Cer1P; GALDI; Cer; FAME; MALDESI; LacCer; MTPFPP; REIMS; Thin-layer chromatography; FAEE; DHA; DHB; LPE; LIAD; 2-AEP; LTP; Ambient ionization; TLC; APCI; ELDI; MS/MS; LPS; Met-SIMS; LDI; EASI; V-EASI; TCNQ; DMAN; NALDI; ESI; SIMS; SM; AP-MALDI; MBT; DART; GSL; ST; GL; MALDI; PTFE; DAG; DAN; DAPPI; PA; PC; PMMA; PE; PG; PI; TAG; PL; ASAP; laser desorption ionization; liquid extraction surface analysis; infrared; atmospheric pressure chemical ionization; ganglioside; galactosylceramide; atmospheric pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization; lyso phosphatidylserine; paper spray ionization; polyvinylidene difluoride; fatty acid ethyl ester; fatty acid methyl ester; diacylglyceride; metal-assisted secondary ion mass spectrometry; triacylglycerides; matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization; glycosphingolipid; electrospray ionization; ceramide; collision-induced dissociation; graphite-assisted laser desorption ionization; ceramide-1-phosphate; infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization; atmospheric pressure solids analysis probe; lactosylceramide; 1,5-diaminonapthalene; phosphatidylinositol; 2-aminophosphonolipid; phosphatidic acid; phospholipid; matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization; 2,6-dihydroxyacetphenone; rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry; α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid; nanostructure-initiator mass spectrometry; tandem mass spectrometry; low temperature plasma; 2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophenone; venturi-easy ambient sonic spray ionization; secondary ion mass spectrometry; laser ablation electrospray ionization; easy ambient sonic spray ionization; desorption atmospheric pressure photoionization; direct analysis in real time; matrix-enhanced secondary ion mass spectrometry; meso-tetrakis (pentaflurophenyl) porphyrin; p-nitroaniline; polytetrafluoroethylene; lyso phosphatidylethanolamine; sealing surface sampling probe; poly(methyl methacrylate); desorption electrospray ionization; 1,8-bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene; 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane; 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid; desorption/ionisation from porous silicon; phosphatidylcholine; electrospray laser desorption ionization; sulfatide; probe electrospray ionization; nanowire-assisted laser desorption ionization; laser-induced acoustic desorption; phosphatidylserine; phosphatidylethanolamine; free fatty acid; sphingomyelin; 2-mercaptobenzothiazole; 9-aminoacridine; phosphatidylglycerol; principal component analysis
• ISSN: 0163-7827; 1873-2194; 1873-2194
• DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2013.04.005

Mass spectrometry is now an indispensable tool for lipid analysis and is arguably the driving force in the renaissance of lipid research. In its various forms, mass spectrometry is uniquely capable of resolving the extensive compositional and structural diversity of lipids in biological systems. Furthermore, it provides the ability to accurately quantify molecular-level changes in lipid populations associated with changes in metabolism and environment; bringing lipid science to the “omics” age. The recent explosion of mass spectrometry-based surface analysis techniques is fuelling further expansion of the lipidomics field. This is evidenced by the numerous papers published on the subject of mass spectrometric imaging of lipids in recent years. While imaging mass spectrometry provides new and exciting possibilities, it is but one of the many opportunities direct surface analysis offers the lipid researcher. In this review we describe the current state-of-the-art in the direct surface analysis of lipids with a focus on tissue sections, intact cells and thin-layer chromatography substrates. The suitability of these different approaches towards analysis of the major lipid classes along with their current and potential applications in the field of lipid analysis are evaluated.