Lipoplexes versus nanoparticles: pDNA/siRNA delivery

• Published in: Drug delivery Vol. 20; no. 2; pp. 57 - 64
• Main Authors: Khurana, Bharat, Goyal, Amit K., Budhiraja, Abhishek, Aora, Diasy, Vyas, Suresh P.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Informa Healthcare USA, Inc 01.02.2013; Taylor & Francis
• Subjects: Cell Survival; Chitosan; Chitosan - chemistry; Drug Carriers - chemistry; Drug Compounding; Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated - chemistry; gene delivery; Genes, Reporter; Green Fluorescent Proteins - genetics; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Liposomes; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Microscopy, Fluorescence; nanoparticles; Nanoparticles - chemistry; Particle Size; Phosphatidylethanolamines - chemistry; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds - chemistry; RNA, Small Interfering - administration & dosage; RNA, Small Interfering - genetics; siRNA; Surface Properties; Transfection - methods
• ISSN: 1071-7544; 1521-0464
• DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2012.752419

Abstract Small interfering RNA (siRNA) has been widely used as potential therapeutic for treatment of various genetic disorders. However, rapid degradation, poor cellular uptake and limited stability in blood limit the effectiveness of the systemic delivery of siRNA. Therefore, an efficient delivery system is required to enhance its transfection and duration of therapeutics. In the present study, plasmid DNA (pEGFPN3) expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) was used as a reporter gene. Chitosan nanoparticles/polyplexes and cationic liposomes/lipoplexes were developed and compared for their transfectivity and therapeutic activity in mammalian cell line (HEK 293). The nanoparticulates were first characterized by assessing the surface charge (zeta potential), size (dynamic light scattering) and morphology (transmission electron microscope) followed by evaluation for their DNA retardation ability, transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity on HEK 293 cell line. The chitosan nanoparticles/plasmid DNA (pDNA) complex and liposomes/pDNA complex were co-transfected with GFP-specific siRNA into HEK 293 cells and it was found that both are efficient delivery vehicles for siRNA transfection, resulting in ∼57% and ∼70% suppression of the targeted gene (GFP), respectively, as compared with the mock control (cells transfected with nanocarrier/pDNA complexes alone). This strong inhibition of GFP expression indicated that cationic liposomes are better than chitosan nanoparticles and can be used as an effective carrier of siRNA in mammalian cells.