Low Back Pain, a Comprehensive Review: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Purpose of Review Low back pain encompasses three distinct sources: axial lumbosacral, radicular, and referred pain. Annually, the prevalence of low back pain in the general US adult population is 10–30%, and the lifetime prevalence of US adults is as high as 65–80%. Recent Findings Patient history,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inCurrent pain and headache reports Vol. 23; no. 3; p. 23
Main Authors Urits, Ivan, Burshtein, Aaron, Sharma, Medha, Testa, Lauren, Gold, Peter A., Orhurhu, Vwaire, Viswanath, Omar, Jones, Mark R., Sidransky, Moises A., Spektor, Boris, Kaye, Alan D.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York Springer US 01.03.2019
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
Adults
Anesthesiology
Back pain
Bone surgery
Chiropractic medicine
Etiology
Health care expenditures
Internal Medicine
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Other Pain (A. Kaye and N. Vadivelu
Pain Medicine
Pathophysiology
Patient education
Section Editors
Topical Collection on Other Pain
United States > US
Lumbosacral pain
Referred low back pain
Radiculopathy
Axial low back pain
Low back pain
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Summary:Purpose of Review Low back pain encompasses three distinct sources: axial lumbosacral, radicular, and referred pain. Annually, the prevalence of low back pain in the general US adult population is 10–30%, and the lifetime prevalence of US adults is as high as 65–80%. Recent Findings Patient history, physical exam, and diagnostic testing are important components to accurate diagnosis and identification of patient pathophysiology. Etiologies of low back pain include myofascial pain, facet joint pain, sacroiliac joint pain, discogenic pain, spinal stenosis, and failed back surgery. In chronic back pain patients, a multidisciplinary, logical approach to treatment is most effective and can include multimodal medical, psychological, physical, and interventional approaches. Summary Low back pain is a difficult condition to effectively treat and continues to affect millions of Americans every year. In the current investigation, we present a comprehensive review of low back pain and discuss associated pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment.
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ISSN:1531-3433
1534-3081
1534-3081
DOI:10.1007/s11916-019-0757-1