Urinary Iodine Concentrations Should Be Monitored to Diagnose Some Thyroid Gland Diseases in Heart Transplant Recipients

• Published in: Transplantation proceedings Vol. 41; no. 8; pp. 3232 - 3234
• Main Authors: Wozniak-Grygiel, E, Zeglen, S, Stanjek-Cichoracka, A, Zakliczyński, M, Kucewicz Czech, E, Zembala, M
• Format: Journal Article Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier Inc 01.10.2009; Elsevier
• Subjects: Adult; Biological and medical sciences; Biomarkers - urine; Endocrinopathies; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Fundamental immunology; Heart Transplantation - adverse effects; Humans; Hyperthyroidism - blood; Hyperthyroidism - epidemiology; Hyperthyroidism - urine; Hypothyroidism - blood; Hypothyroidism - epidemiology; Hypothyroidism - urine; Iodine - urine; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Monitoring, Physiologic; Non tumoral diseases. Target tissue resistance. Benign neoplasms; Spectrophotometry; Surgery; Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases; Thyroid Diseases - epidemiology; Thyroid Diseases - urine; Thyroid. Thyroid axis (diseases); Thyrotropin - blood; Thyroxine - blood; Tissue, organ and graft immunology; Triiodothyronine - blood; Endocrinopathy; Heart; Urine; Endocrine gland; Thyroid diseases; Thyroid gland; Transplantation; Concentration; Homotransplantation; Medicine; Treatment; Surgery; Graft; Circulatory system; Diagnosis; Iodine
• ISSN: 0041-1345; 1873-2623
• DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2009.07.103

Abstract Background According to the World Health Organization, iodine excreted in urine is a measure of its supply. According to the International Council for Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (ICCIDD), the urinary iodine (UI) should be >100 μg I per 1 liter of urine. Severe deficiency (SID) is diagnosed when UI is <50 μg/L and a moderate deficiency (MID) when UI is <100 μg/L. Materials and Methods UI analysis among 32 heart transplant recipients (26 men and 6 women); of overall mean age of 50.4 ± 12.6 years was performed using the modified Program Against Micronutrient Malnutrition method, a spectrophotometric measurement based on the Sandell-Kolthoff reaction. Results were compared with those of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH; μIU/mL), of free tri-iodothyronine (FT3; pg/mL), and thyroxine (FT4; ng/dL). Results The average UI among the whole group was 126.4 ± 109.6 μg/L. SID occurred in 12 patients (37.5%) and MID in 4 (12.5%); namely, mean UI of 17.0 ± 9.6 and 79.5 ± 5.6, respectively. In the other 16 patients (50%), the average UI was high, namely, 220.1 ± 72.1 IU/mL. TSH, FT3, and FT4 in the whole group were within normal ranges. However, FT4 values significantly differed when SID and MID patients were compared with those displaying the recommended UI: 0.8 ± 0.2 and 0.9 ± 0.1 versus 1.1 ± 0.2 respectively ( P < .05). We noted decreased values of TSH in 5 patients (15.6%) and of FT3 or FT4 in 6 subjects (18.8%). Conclusion There exists significant iodine deficiency among heart transplant recipients. Measurements of urinary iodine together with thyroid gland hormones may be essential to prevent thyroid gland disturbances in these patients.