Urinary sediment ICAM-1 level in lupus nephritis

• Published in: Lupus Vol. 21; no. 11; pp. 1190 - 1195
• Main Authors: Guan, J, Wang, G, Tam, L-S, Kwan, BC-H, Li, EK-M, Chow, K-M, Li, PK-T, Szeto, C-C
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London, England SAGE Publications 01.10.2012; Sage Publications Ltd
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Anti-DNA antibodies; Autoantibodies - immunology; Biomarkers; Biomarkers - urine; Biopsy; Case-Control Studies; Cytokines; Disease; DNA - immunology; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glomerulonephritis; Glomerulonephritis - physiopathology; Glomerulonephritis - urine; Hospitals; Humans; intercellular adhesion molecule 1; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 - urine; Lupus; Lupus nephritis; Lupus Nephritis - physiopathology; Lupus Nephritis - urine; Male; MicroRNAs; MicroRNAs - urine; Middle Aged; Nephrology; Pathogenesis; Patients; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Proteins; Renal function; Sediments; Urine; Hong Kong China; United Kingdom > UK; United States > US; China; Wales; inflammation; urinalysis; Lupus nephritis
• ISSN: 0961-2033; 1477-0962
• DOI: 10.1177/0961203312451334

Background: Urinary intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) level is potentially a valuable biomarker of lupus nephritis (LN), but because ICAM-1 is a cell-surface molecule, soluble ICAM-1 level in urinary supernatant measured by ELISA may not be biologically relevant. Methods: The ICAM-1 level in urine sediment of 12 LN patients, 10 patients with pauci-immune necrotizing glomerulonephritis (NecGN), and six healthy controls were determined with a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay. The urinary sediment levels of miR-221, miR-222, miR-339-3P and miR-339-5P, which are involved in the regulation of ICAM-1 production, were also quantified. Results: LN patients had lower urinary sediment ICAM-1 levels than the other two groups (overall p = 0.034). In addition, urinary sediment ICAM-1 level inversely correlated with the estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (r = −0.474, p = 0.026) but not other markers of lupus activity, or urinary sediment levels of miR-221, miR-222, miR-339-3P, or miR-339-5P. However, serum anti-dsDNA level inversely correlated with urinary sediment levels of miR-221 (r = −0.591, p = 0.043) and miR-222 (r = −0.689, p = 0.013), while urinary sediment miR-221 level also correlated with serum C3 level (r = 0.658, p = 0.02). Conclusions: We conclude that urinary sediment ICAM-1 level was significantly reduced in LN, and the level inversely correlated with renal function. Urinary sediment miR-221 and miR-222 levels correlate with lupus disease activity and may serve as biomarkers of LN.