Effects of nicotine and lipopolysaccharide stimulation on adhesion molecules in human gingival endothelial cells

• Published in: Odontology Vol. 111; no. 2; pp. 428 - 438
• Main Authors: Sato, Yukari, Maruyama, Kosuke, Mikami, Masato, Sato, Soh
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Singapore The Society of the Nippon Dental University 01.04.2023; Springer Nature Singapore; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Acetylcholine receptors (nicotinic); Biological activity; Cell adhesion molecules; Cell death; Cell growth; Cell proliferation; Cell signaling; Cytotoxicity; Dentistry; Endothelial cells; Endothelial Cells - metabolism; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Gum disease; Humans; Immune response; Intercellular adhesion molecule 1; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 - metabolism; Kinases; L-Lactate dehydrogenase; Lactic acid; Lipopolysaccharides; Lipopolysaccharides - pharmacology; MAP kinase; Medicine; Nicotine; Nicotine - pharmacology; Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Original Article; Periodontitis; Polymerase chain reaction; Protein kinase C; Proteins; Receptors, Nicotinic - genetics; Receptors, Nicotinic - metabolism; Reverse transcription; Risk factors; Signal transduction; Smoking; Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 - metabolism; Lipopolysaccharide; Adhesion molecules; Periodontitis; Gingival endothelial cells; Nicotine
• ISSN: 1618-1247; 1618-1255
• DOI: 10.1007/s10266-022-00753-1

[Abstract] Smoking is a risk factor for periodontitis, and the immune response of periodontal tissues in patients with periodontitis may be strongly affected by smoking. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the bioactivity and signal transduction of human gingival endothelial cells (HGECs) due to nicotinic stimulation using a cultured medium supplemented with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as a model of periodontitis. HGECs were cultured in medium supplemented with LPS, nicotine, nicotine + LPS, and medium supplemented without nicotine or LPS (control). Cell proliferation was assessed using Alamar blue. Cytotoxicity was assessed by lactate dehydrogenase leakage. The expression of adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1, VCAM-1) was assessed by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunits (α3, α5, α7, β2 and β4) was evaluated by RT-PCR. The involvement of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) and protein kinase C (PKC) cell signaling pathways in ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression was investigated by RT-qPCR with specific inhibitors. HGECs stimulated with LPS, nicotine and nicotine + LPS showed inhibition of cell proliferation, increase of cell death, and increase of gene and protein expression of ICAM-1. Moreover, HGECs showed the presence of α5 and α7 nAChR subunits. The expression of ICAM-1 in HGECs stimulated with LPS, nicotine, and nicotine + LPS was significantly suppressed by p38MAPK inhibitor, but not by a PKC inhibitor. The nAChR subunits of HGECs are α5 and α7, and that HGECs stimulated with nicotine and LPS express ICAM-1 via p38MAPK pathway.