Establishing optimal selenium status: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
BACKGROUND: Dietary recommendations for selenium differ between countries, mainly because of uncertainties over the definition of optimal selenium status. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to examine the dose-response relations for different forms of selenium. DESIGN: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-...
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| Published in | The American journal of clinical nutrition Vol. 91; no. 4; pp. 923 - 931 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Bethesda, MD
American Society for Clinical Nutrition
01.04.2010
American Society for Nutrition American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | BACKGROUND: Dietary recommendations for selenium differ between countries, mainly because of uncertainties over the definition of optimal selenium status. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to examine the dose-response relations for different forms of selenium. DESIGN: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled dietary intervention was carried out in 119 healthy men and women aged 50-64 y living in the United Kingdom. Daily placebo or selenium-enriched yeast tablets containing 50, 100, or 200 μg Se ([almost equal to]60% selenomethionine), selenium-enriched onion meals ([almost equal to]66% γ-glutamyl-methylselenocysteine, providing the equivalent of 50 μg Se/d), or unenriched onion meals were consumed for 12 wk. Changes in platelet glutathione peroxidase activity and in plasma selenium and selenoprotein P concentrations were measured. RESULTS: The mean baseline plasma selenium concentration for all subjects was 95.7 ± 11.5 ng/mL, which increased significantly by 10 wk to steady state concentrations of 118.3 ± 13.1, 152.0 ± 24.3, and 177.4 ± 26.3 ng/mL in those who consumed 50, 100, or 200 μg Se-yeast/d, respectively. Platelet glutathione peroxidase activity did not change significantly in response to either dose or form of selenium. Selenoprotein P increased significantly in all selenium intervention groups from an overall baseline mean of 4.99 ± 0.80 μg/mL to 6.17 ± 0.85, 6.73 ± 1.01, 6.59 ± 0.64, and 5.72 ± 0.75 μg/mL in those who consumed 50, 100, or 200 μg Se-yeast/d and 50 μg Se-enriched onions/d, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Plasma selenoprotein P is a useful biomarker of status in populations with relatively low selenium intakes because it responds to different dietary forms of selenium. To optimize the plasma selenoprotein P concentration in this study, 50 μg Se/d was required in addition to the habitual intake of [almost equal to]55 μg/d. In the context of established relations between plasma selenium and risk of cancer and mortality, and recognizing the important functions of selenoprotein P, these results provide important evidence for deriving estimated average requirements for selenium in adults. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00279812. |
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| AbstractList | BACKGROUND: Dietary recommendations for selenium differ between countries, mainly because of uncertainties over the definition of optimal selenium status. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to examine the dose-response relations for different forms of selenium. DESIGN: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled dietary intervention was carried out in 119 healthy men and women aged 50-64 y living in the United Kingdom. Daily placebo or selenium-enriched yeast tablets containing 50, 100, or 200 μg Se ([almost equal to]60% selenomethionine), selenium-enriched onion meals ([almost equal to]66% γ-glutamyl-methylselenocysteine, providing the equivalent of 50 μg Se/d), or unenriched onion meals were consumed for 12 wk. Changes in platelet glutathione peroxidase activity and in plasma selenium and selenoprotein P concentrations were measured. RESULTS: The mean baseline plasma selenium concentration for all subjects was 95.7 ± 11.5 ng/mL, which increased significantly by 10 wk to steady state concentrations of 118.3 ± 13.1, 152.0 ± 24.3, and 177.4 ± 26.3 ng/mL in those who consumed 50, 100, or 200 μg Se-yeast/d, respectively. Platelet glutathione peroxidase activity did not change significantly in response to either dose or form of selenium. Selenoprotein P increased significantly in all selenium intervention groups from an overall baseline mean of 4.99 ± 0.80 μg/mL to 6.17 ± 0.85, 6.73 ± 1.01, 6.59 ± 0.64, and 5.72 ± 0.75 μg/mL in those who consumed 50, 100, or 200 μg Se-yeast/d and 50 μg Se-enriched onions/d, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Plasma selenoprotein P is a useful biomarker of status in populations with relatively low selenium intakes because it responds to different dietary forms of selenium. To optimize the plasma selenoprotein P concentration in this study, 50 μg Se/d was required in addition to the habitual intake of [almost equal to]55 μg/d. In the context of established relations between plasma selenium and risk of cancer and mortality, and recognizing the important functions of selenoprotein P, these results provide important evidence for deriving estimated average requirements for selenium in adults. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00279812. Dietary recommendations for selenium differ between countries, mainly because of uncertainties over the definition of optimal selenium status. The objective was to examine the dose-response relations for different forms of selenium. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled dietary intervention was carried out in 119 healthy men and women aged 50-64 y living in the United Kingdom. Daily placebo or selenium-enriched yeast tablets containing 50, 100, or 200 microg Se ( approximately 60% selenomethionine), selenium-enriched onion meals ( approximately 66% gamma-glutamyl-methylselenocysteine, providing the equivalent of 50 microg Se/d), or unenriched onion meals were consumed for 12 wk. Changes in platelet glutathione peroxidase activity and in plasma selenium and selenoprotein P concentrations were measured. The mean baseline plasma selenium concentration for all subjects was 95.7 +/- 11.5 ng/mL, which increased significantly by 10 wk to steady state concentrations of 118.3 +/- 13.1, 152.0 +/- 24.3, and 177.4 +/- 26.3 ng/mL in those who consumed 50, 100, or 200 microg Se-yeast/d, respectively. Platelet glutathione peroxidase activity did not change significantly in response to either dose or form of selenium. Selenoprotein P increased significantly in all selenium intervention groups from an overall baseline mean of 4.99 +/- 0.80 microg/mL to 6.17 +/- 0.85, 6.73 +/- 1.01, 6.59 +/- 0.64, and 5.72 +/- 0.75 microg/mL in those who consumed 50, 100, or 200 microg Se-yeast/d and 50 microg Se-enriched onions/d, respectively. Plasma selenoprotein P is a useful biomarker of status in populations with relatively low selenium intakes because it responds to different dietary forms of selenium. To optimize the plasma selenoprotein P concentration in this study, 50 microg Se/d was required in addition to the habitual intake of approximately 55 microg/d. In the context of established relations between plasma selenium and risk of cancer and mortality, and recognizing the important functions of selenoprotein P, these results provide important evidence for deriving estimated average requirements for selenium in adults. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00279812. Background: Dietary recommendations for selenium differ between countries, mainly because of uncertainties over the definition of optimal selenium status. Objective: The objective was to examine the dose-response relations for different forms of selenium. Design: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled dietary intervention was carried out in 119 healthy men and women aged 50–64 y living in the United Kingdom. Daily placebo or selenium-enriched yeast tablets containing 50, 100, or 200 μg Se (≈60% selenomethionine), selenium-enriched onion meals (≈66% γ-glutamyl-methylselenocysteine, providing the equivalent of 50 μg Se/d), or unenriched onion meals were consumed for 12 wk. Changes in platelet glutathione peroxidase activity and in plasma selenium and selenoprotein P concentrations were measured. Results: The mean baseline plasma selenium concentration for all subjects was 95.7 ± 11.5 ng/mL, which increased significantly by 10 wk to steady state concentrations of 118.3 ± 13.1, 152.0 ± 24.3, and 177.4 ± 26.3 ng/mL in those who consumed 50, 100, or 200 μg Se-yeast/d, respectively. Platelet glutathione peroxidase activity did not change significantly in response to either dose or form of selenium. Selenoprotein P increased significantly in all selenium intervention groups from an overall baseline mean of 4.99 ± 0.80 μg/mL to 6.17 ± 0.85, 6.73 ± 1.01, 6.59 ± 0.64, and 5.72 ± 0.75 μg/mL in those who consumed 50, 100, or 200 μg Se-yeast/d and 50 μg Se-enriched onions/d, respectively. Conclusions: Plasma selenoprotein P is a useful biomarker of status in populations with relatively low selenium intakes because it responds to different dietary forms of selenium. To optimize the plasma selenoprotein P concentration in this study, 50 μg Se/d was required in addition to the habitual intake of ≈55 μg/d. In the context of established relations between plasma selenium and risk of cancer and mortality, and recognizing the important functions of selenoprotein P, these results provide important evidence for deriving estimated average requirements for selenium in adults. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00279812. Dietary recommendations for selenium differ between countries, mainly because of uncertainties over the definition of optimal selenium status.BACKGROUNDDietary recommendations for selenium differ between countries, mainly because of uncertainties over the definition of optimal selenium status.The objective was to examine the dose-response relations for different forms of selenium.OBJECTIVEThe objective was to examine the dose-response relations for different forms of selenium.A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled dietary intervention was carried out in 119 healthy men and women aged 50-64 y living in the United Kingdom. Daily placebo or selenium-enriched yeast tablets containing 50, 100, or 200 microg Se ( approximately 60% selenomethionine), selenium-enriched onion meals ( approximately 66% gamma-glutamyl-methylselenocysteine, providing the equivalent of 50 microg Se/d), or unenriched onion meals were consumed for 12 wk. Changes in platelet glutathione peroxidase activity and in plasma selenium and selenoprotein P concentrations were measured.DESIGNA randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled dietary intervention was carried out in 119 healthy men and women aged 50-64 y living in the United Kingdom. Daily placebo or selenium-enriched yeast tablets containing 50, 100, or 200 microg Se ( approximately 60% selenomethionine), selenium-enriched onion meals ( approximately 66% gamma-glutamyl-methylselenocysteine, providing the equivalent of 50 microg Se/d), or unenriched onion meals were consumed for 12 wk. Changes in platelet glutathione peroxidase activity and in plasma selenium and selenoprotein P concentrations were measured.The mean baseline plasma selenium concentration for all subjects was 95.7 +/- 11.5 ng/mL, which increased significantly by 10 wk to steady state concentrations of 118.3 +/- 13.1, 152.0 +/- 24.3, and 177.4 +/- 26.3 ng/mL in those who consumed 50, 100, or 200 microg Se-yeast/d, respectively. Platelet glutathione peroxidase activity did not change significantly in response to either dose or form of selenium. Selenoprotein P increased significantly in all selenium intervention groups from an overall baseline mean of 4.99 +/- 0.80 microg/mL to 6.17 +/- 0.85, 6.73 +/- 1.01, 6.59 +/- 0.64, and 5.72 +/- 0.75 microg/mL in those who consumed 50, 100, or 200 microg Se-yeast/d and 50 microg Se-enriched onions/d, respectively.RESULTSThe mean baseline plasma selenium concentration for all subjects was 95.7 +/- 11.5 ng/mL, which increased significantly by 10 wk to steady state concentrations of 118.3 +/- 13.1, 152.0 +/- 24.3, and 177.4 +/- 26.3 ng/mL in those who consumed 50, 100, or 200 microg Se-yeast/d, respectively. Platelet glutathione peroxidase activity did not change significantly in response to either dose or form of selenium. Selenoprotein P increased significantly in all selenium intervention groups from an overall baseline mean of 4.99 +/- 0.80 microg/mL to 6.17 +/- 0.85, 6.73 +/- 1.01, 6.59 +/- 0.64, and 5.72 +/- 0.75 microg/mL in those who consumed 50, 100, or 200 microg Se-yeast/d and 50 microg Se-enriched onions/d, respectively.Plasma selenoprotein P is a useful biomarker of status in populations with relatively low selenium intakes because it responds to different dietary forms of selenium. To optimize the plasma selenoprotein P concentration in this study, 50 microg Se/d was required in addition to the habitual intake of approximately 55 microg/d. In the context of established relations between plasma selenium and risk of cancer and mortality, and recognizing the important functions of selenoprotein P, these results provide important evidence for deriving estimated average requirements for selenium in adults. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00279812.CONCLUSIONSPlasma selenoprotein P is a useful biomarker of status in populations with relatively low selenium intakes because it responds to different dietary forms of selenium. To optimize the plasma selenoprotein P concentration in this study, 50 microg Se/d was required in addition to the habitual intake of approximately 55 microg/d. In the context of established relations between plasma selenium and risk of cancer and mortality, and recognizing the important functions of selenoprotein P, these results provide important evidence for deriving estimated average requirements for selenium in adults. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00279812. Dietary recommendations for selenium differ between countries, mainly because of uncertainties over the definition of optimal selenium status. The objective was to examine the dose-response relations for different forms of selenium. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled dietary intervention was carried out in 119 healthy men and women aged 50-64 y living in the United Kingdom. Daily placebo or selenium-enriched yeast tablets containing 50, 100, or 200 ...g Se (...60% selenomethionine), selenium-enriched onion meals (...66% ...-glutamyl-methylselenocysteine, providing the equivalent of 50 ...g Se/d), or unenriched onion meals were consumed for 12 wk. Changes in platelet glutathione peroxidase activity and in plasma selenium and selenoprotein P concentrations were measured. The mean baseline plasma selenium concentration for all subjects was 95.7 ± 11.5 ng/mL, which increased significantly by 10 wk to steady state concentrations of 118.3 ± 13.1, 152.0 ± 24.3, and 177.4 ± 26.3 ng/mL in those who consumed 50, 100, or 200 ...g Se-yeast/d, respectively. Platelet glutathione peroxidase activity did not change significantly in response to either dose or form of selenium. Selenoprotein P increased significantly in all selenium intervention groups from an overall baseline mean of 4.99 ± 0.80 ...g/mL to 6.17 ± 0.85, 6.73 ± 1.01, 6.59 ± 0.64, and 5.72 ± 0.75 ...g/mL in those who consumed 50, 100, or 200 ...g Se-yeast/d and 50 ...g Se-enriched onions/d, respectively. Plasma selenoprotein P is a useful biomarker of status in populations with relatively low selenium intakes because it responds to different dietary forms of selenium. To optimize the plasma selenoprotein P concentration in this study, 50 ...g Se/d was required in addition to the habitual intake of ...55 ...g/d. In the context of established relations between plasma selenium and risk of cancer and mortality, and recognizing the important functions of selenoprotein P, these results provide important evidence for deriving estimated average requirements for selenium in adults. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00279812. (ProQuest: ... denotes formulae/symbols omitted.) |
| Author | Hart, Dave J Broadley, Martin R Hurst, Rachel Goldson, Andrew J Fairweather-Tait, Susan J Motley, Amy K Armah, Charlotte N Teucher, Birgit Dainty, Jack R |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: Hurst, Rachel – sequence: 2 fullname: Armah, Charlotte N – sequence: 3 fullname: Dainty, Jack R – sequence: 4 fullname: Hart, Dave J – sequence: 5 fullname: Teucher, Birgit – sequence: 6 fullname: Goldson, Andrew J – sequence: 7 fullname: Broadley, Martin R – sequence: 8 fullname: Motley, Amy K – sequence: 9 fullname: Fairweather-Tait, Susan J |
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| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 ObjectType-Undefined-3 Supported by the Food Standards Agency (project N05059); the Institute of Food Research, University of East Anglia; and the National Institutes of Health (grant DK058763). Pharma Nord (Denmark) donated the placebo and the selenium-enriched yeast supplement tablets. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Food Standards Agency. |
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| Snippet | BACKGROUND: Dietary recommendations for selenium differ between countries, mainly because of uncertainties over the definition of optimal selenium status.... Dietary recommendations for selenium differ between countries, mainly because of uncertainties over the definition of optimal selenium status. The objective... Dietary recommendations for selenium differ between countries, mainly because of uncertainties over the definition of optimal selenium status. The objective... Dietary recommendations for selenium differ between countries, mainly because of uncertainties over the definition of optimal selenium status.BACKGROUNDDietary... Background: Dietary recommendations for selenium differ between countries, mainly because of uncertainties over the definition of optimal selenium status.... |
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| SubjectTerms | administration & dosage adults Biological and medical sciences biomarkers Biomarkers - blood blood blood chemistry blood platelets Blood Platelets - drug effects Diet dietary mineral supplements Dietary minerals dietary nutrient sources dietary recommendations Dietary Supplements Double-Blind Method drug effects enriched foods Feeding. Feeding behavior Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology glutathione peroxidase Glutathione Peroxidase - blood Great Britain Humans Male Medical research men Middle Aged nutrient requirements Nutrition nutritional intervention Nutritional Requirements Nutritional Status Nutritional status, dietary intake, and body composition Onions Original Research Communications Plasma Proteins reference standards Selenium Selenium - administration & dosage Selenium - blood Selenoprotein P Selenoprotein P - blood Trace Elements Trace Elements - administration & dosage Trace Elements - blood United Kingdom Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems women Yeasts |
| Title | Establishing optimal selenium status: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial |
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