Conjoint adolescent developmental trajectories of alcohol and marijuana use and early adult outcomes among North American Indigenous people
•We analyzed dual trajectories of Indigenous adolescent marijuana and alcohol use.•Four groups emerged: non-use (34%); alcohol only (14%); and two co-use groups.•Early marijuana use was linked to early alcohol use.•Infrequent alcohol use was linked to abstaining from marijuana use.•Co-users of alcoh...
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| Published in | Addictive behaviors Vol. 114; p. 106758 |
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| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
Elsevier Ltd
01.03.2021
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Summary: | •We analyzed dual trajectories of Indigenous adolescent marijuana and alcohol use.•Four groups emerged: non-use (34%); alcohol only (14%); and two co-use groups.•Early marijuana use was linked to early alcohol use.•Infrequent alcohol use was linked to abstaining from marijuana use.•Co-users of alcohol and marijuana in adolescence had poorer outcomes in adulthood.
The current study examined the developmental interrelationships between alcohol and marijuana use trajectories from ages 10 to 18 years in a sample of North American Indigenous adolescents. Distinct co-use groups were formed to create profiles of young adult outcomes.
Dual group-based trajectory models of marijuana and alcohol frequency were estimated using data from a longitudinal community-based participatory study of Indigenous adolescents from the upper Midwest and Canada. Joint probabilities were used to create co-use groups, and profiles were created using early adult (Mean Age – 26.28 years) outcomes.
Four joint trajectory groups were identified: 1) no marijuana and no/low alcohol use (34.4%), 2) mid-onset alcohol only (14%), 3) mid-onset co-use starting at age 13 (24%), and 4) early-onset co-use starting at age 11 (22%). High probabilities existed that adolescents would use marijuana early if they began drinking alcohol at the youngest ages, and that adolescents would not use marijuana if they drank infrequently or delayed drinking until mid-adolescence. Adult outcomes were poorer for the early- and mid-onset co-use groups, but there were few differences between the no/low use and alcohol-only groups.
Co-use of marijuana and alcohol was associated with poorer outcomes in early adulthood, particularly for the group with an earlier age of onset. Abstaining from either substance in adolescence was associated with better outcomes. |
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| Bibliography: | All authors contributed to paper writing and manuscript preparation, and read and approved the final manuscript. Contributors: Kelley Sittner was a Co-Investigator on the study from which the data were drawn, contributed to study conceptualization, and was responsible for all data analyses. Dane Hautala contributed to the study conceptualization, wrote the literature review, and consulted on data analyses. Melissa Walls was Primary Investigator on the study and co-wrote the literature review. All authors contributed to paper writing and manuscript preparation, and read and approved the final manuscript. Author Agreement Statement Melissa Walls was Primary Investigator on the study and co-wrote the literature review. Kelley Sittner was a Co-Investigator on the study from which the data were drawn, contributed to study conceptualization, and was responsible for all data analyses. We the undersigned declare that this manuscript is original, has not been published before and is not currently being considered for publication elsewhere. We confirm that the manuscript has been read and approved by all named authors and that there are no other persons who satisfied the criteria for authorship but are not listed. We further confirm that the order of authors listed in the manuscript has been approved by all of us. We understand that the Corresponding Author is the sole contact for the Editorial process. He/she is responsible for communicating with the other authors about progress, submissions of revisions and final approval of proofs. Dane Hautala contributed to the study conceptualization, wrote the literature review, and consulted on data analyses. CRediT Author Statement |
| ISSN: | 0306-4603 1873-6327 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106758 |