Proton pump inhibitors as risk factor for metabolic syndrome and hepatic steatosis in coeliac disease patients on gluten-free diet
Background Recent research has shown that patients with coeliac disease (CD) are at risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MS) and hepatic steatosis (HS) after commencing a gluten-free diet (GFD). This study aimed to evaluate the predictive factors for MS and HS in CD after 1 year of GFD. Methods Al...
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Published in | Journal of gastroenterology Vol. 53; no. 4; pp. 507 - 516 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Tokyo
Springer Japan
01.04.2018
Springer Springer Nature B.V |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Background
Recent research has shown that patients with coeliac disease (CD) are at risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MS) and hepatic steatosis (HS) after commencing a gluten-free diet (GFD). This study aimed to evaluate the predictive factors for MS and HS in CD after 1 year of GFD.
Methods
All consecutive newly diagnosed CD patients were enrolled. We prospectively collected data about BMI; waist circumference; blood pressure; cholesterol; triglycerides, glucose and insulin blood levels; insulin resistance (through the homeostatic model assessment HOMA-IR) and treatment with proton pump inhibitors (PPI). Diagnosis of MS was made in accordance with current guidelines and HS was diagnosed by ultrasonography. The prevalence of MS and HS was re-assessed after 1 year of GFD. A logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for MS and HS occurrence after 1 year of GFD.
Results
Of 301 patients with newly diagnosed CD, 4.3% met criteria for diagnosis of MS and 25.9% presented with HS at the time of CD diagnosis; 99 subjects (32.8%) had long-term exposure to PPI during the study period. After 1 year, 72 (23.9%) patients had developed MS (4.3 vs 23.9%;
p
< 0.001, OR 6.9) and 112 (37.2%) had developed HS (25.9 vs 37.2%;
p
< 0.01, OR 1.69). At multivariate analysis, high BMI at diagnosis (OR 10.8;
p
< 0.001) and PPI exposure (OR 22.9;
p
< 0.001) were the only factors associated with the occurrence of MS; HOMA-IR (OR 9.7;
p
< 0.001) and PPI exposure (OR 9.2;
p
< 0.001) were the only factors associated with the occurrence of HS.
Conclusions
PPI exposure adds further risk of occurrence of MS and HS for patients with CD on GFD. The use of PPI in patients with CD on GFD should be limited to strict indications. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Undefined-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 0944-1174 1435-5922 |
DOI: | 10.1007/s00535-017-1381-7 |