Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Tissue into Odontoblast-Like Cells Using the Conditioned Medium of Tooth Germ Cells In Vitro

• Published in: BioMed research international Vol. 2013; no. 2013; pp. 1 - 10
• Main Authors: Jiao, Xiao Hui, Song, Chun, Pan, Li Jie, Chen, Yan, Yuan, Jie, Li, Tian Xia, Bi, Liang Jia
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cairo, Egypt Hindawi Publishing Corporation 01.01.2013; Hindawi Limited
• Subjects: Alkaline phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase - metabolism; Bone marrow; Calcification, Physiologic - drug effects; Cell Adhesion - drug effects; Cell cycle; Cell Cycle - drug effects; Cell Differentiation - drug effects; Cell Separation; Cell Shape - drug effects; Culture Media, Conditioned - pharmacology; Cytoplasm; Hospitals; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - cytology; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - drug effects; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - enzymology; Odontoblasts - cytology; Odontoblasts - drug effects; Odontoblasts - metabolism; Odontogenesis - drug effects; Stem cells; Studies; Surgery; Tissue engineering; Tooth Germ - cytology; Transplants & implants; Umbilical Cord - cytology
• ISSN: 2314-6133; 2314-6141
• DOI: 10.1155/2013/218543

The easily accessible mesenchymal stem cells in the Wharton's jelly of human umbilical cord tissue (hUCMSCs) have excellent proliferation and differentiation potential, but it remains unclear whether hUCMSCs can differentiate into odontoblasts. In this study, mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from the Wharton's jelly of human umbilical cord tissue using the simple method of tissue blocks culture attachment. UCMSC surface marker expression was then evaluated for the isolated cells using flow cytometry. The third-passage hUCMSCs induced by conditioned medium from developing tooth germ cells (TGC-CM) displayed high alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels (P<0.001), an enhanced ability to proliferate (P<0.05), and the presence of mineralized nodules. These effects were not observed in cells treated with regular medium. After induction of hUCMSCs, the results of reverse transcriptional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) indicated that the dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) and dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) genes were significantly tested. Additionally, dentin sialoprotein (DSP) and DMP1 demonstrated significant levels of staining in an immunofluorescence analysis. In contrast, the control cells failed to display the characteristics of odontoblasts. Taken together, these results suggest that hUCMSCs can be induced to differentiate into odontoblast-like cells with TGC-CM and provide a novel strategy for tooth regeneration research.