Selenium (Se) plays a key role in the biological effects of some viruses: Implications for COVID-19

• Published in: Environmental research Vol. 196; p. 110984
• Main Authors: Liu, Qiyuan, Zhao, Xiaoli, Ma, Jin, Mu, Yunsong, Wang, Ying, Yang, Shuhui, Wu, Yihang, Wu, Fengchang, Zhou, Yongzhang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier Inc 01.05.2021
• Subjects: COVID-19; Human health; Humans; Nutritional Status; RNA virus; SARS-CoV-2; Selenium; Virus Diseases; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Human health; Selenium; RNA virus
• ISSN: 0013-9351; 1096-0953; 1096-0953
• DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110984

Host nutrition is an important factor affecting disease progression. Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for the human body with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immune effects, and Se deficiency increases RNA-virus replication and virulent mutations, which lead to more severe tissue damage and symptoms. Low Se status in the host may be an important cause of health complications induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In this article, we describe the metabolic mechanisms by which Se is involved in anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immune effects, and review the role and clinical effects of Se in viral infection. We then discuss the potential relationship between Se and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The association between soil Se level and the incidence of COVID-19 was observed in different cities of Hubei Province. The incidence of COVID-19 was more than 10 times lower in Se-enriched cities (Enshi, Shiyan, and Xiangyang) than in Se-deficient cities (Suizhou and Xiaogan). Although the relationship between soil Se levels and the incidence of COVID-19 in Hubei still needs further study, these findings provide baseline information demonstrating the effect of Se levels on SARS-CoV-2, which could contribute to the prevention and management of COVID-19. •The association between selenium and some viral diseases was reviewed.•People in Se deficient areas seem to be more susceptible to virus disease.•The incidence of COVID-19 in Se-enrichment region of Hubei was lower.•Selenium is helpful in enhancing immunity and protecting against viruses.