Utility of S100A12 as an Early Biomarker in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

• Published in: Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine Vol. 8; p. 747511
• Main Authors: Zhang, Xiaolin, Cheng, Minghui, Gao, Naijing, Li, Yi, Yan, Chenghui, Tian, Xiaoxiang, Liu, Dan, Qiu, Miaohan, Wang, Xiaozeng, Luan, Bo, Deng, Jie, Wang, Shouli, Tian, Hongyan, Wang, Geng, Ma, Xinliang, Stone, Gregg W, Han, Yaling
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 17.12.2021
• Subjects: cardiovascular disease(s); Cardiovascular Medicine; diagnosis; prognosis; S100A12; ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; S100A12; diagnosis; ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; prognosis; cardiovascular disease(s)
• ISSN: 2297-055X; 2297-055X
• DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.747511

S100A12 is a calcium binding protein which is involved in inflammation and progression of atherosclerosis. We sought to investigate the utility of S100A12 as a biomarker for the early diagnosis and prognostication of patients presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). S100A12 was measured in 1023 patients presenting to the emergency department with acute chest pain between June 2012 and November 2015. An independent cohort of 398 patients enrolled at 3 different hospitals served as a validation cohort. The primary clinical endpoint of interest was major adverse cardiac and cerebral events (MACCE) defined as a composite of all-cause death, MI, stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure. A total of 438/1023 patients (42.8%) in the diagnosis cohort were adjudicated as STEMI, among whom plasma S100A12 levels increased within 30 min and peaked 1-2 h after symptom onset. Compared with high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T and creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme, S100A12 more accurately identified STEMI, especially within the first 2 h after symptom onset (area under the curve 0.963 compared with 0.860 for hscTnT and 0.711 for CK-MB, both < 0.05). These results were consistent in the 243-patient validation cohort. The 1-year rate of MACCE was greatest in patients in the highest peak S100A12 tertile, intermediate in the middle tertile and least in the lowest tertile (9.3 vs. 5.7 vs. 3.0% respectively, P = 0.0006). By multivariable analysis the peak plasma concentration of S100A12 was an independent predictor of MACCE within 1 year after STEMI (HR, 1.001, 95%CI, 1.000-1.002; = 0.0104). S100A12 rapidly identified patients with STEMI, more accurately than other cardiac biomarkers, especially within the first 2 h after symptom onset. The peak plasma S100A12 level was a strong predictor of 1-year prognosis after STEMI.