Hematopoietic stem cell origin of human fibroblasts: Cell culture studies of female recipients of gender-mismatched stem cell transplantation and patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia

• Published in: Experimental hematology Vol. 37; no. 12; pp. 1464 - 1471
• Main Authors: Shirai, Keisuke, Sera, Yasuhiko, Bulkeley, William, Mehrotra, Meenal, Moussa, Omar, LaRue, Amanda C, Watson, Dennis K, Stuart, Robert K, Lazarchick, John, Ogawa, Makio
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier Inc 01.12.2009
• Subjects: Actins - analysis; Advanced Basic Science; Cell Lineage; Cells, Cultured; Chromosomes, Human, X - genetics; Chromosomes, Human, Y - genetics; Collagen Type I - analysis; Female; Fibroblasts - cytology; Fibroblasts - metabolism; Flow Cytometry; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl - genetics; Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Hematopoietic Stem Cells - cytology; Hematopoietic Stem Cells - metabolism; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive - blood; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive - pathology; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive - surgery; Leukocytes, Mononuclear - cytology; Leukocytes, Mononuclear - metabolism; Male; Muscle, Smooth - chemistry; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
• ISSN: 0301-472X; 1873-2399
• DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2009.09.008

Objective Our series of studies using transplantation of single hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) demonstrated that mouse fibroblasts/myofibroblasts are derived from HSCs. In order to determine the origin of human fibroblasts, we established a method for culturing fibroblasts from human peripheral blood (PB) mononuclear cells and studied fibroblasts from gender-mismatched HSC transplant recipients and patients with untreated Philadelphia chromosome–positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Materials and Methods We cultured PB cells from three female subjects who showed near-complete hematopoietic reconstitution from transplantation of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor–mobilized male PB cells and examined the resulting fibroblasts using fluorescent in situ hybridization for Y chromosome. Because the mobilized PB cells may contain mesenchymal stem cells, we could not determine the HSC or mesenchymal stem cell origin of the fibroblasts seen in culture. To further document the HSC origin of human fibroblasts, we next examined fibroblasts from two patients with untreated CML, a known clonal disorder of HSCs. Results All cultured fibroblasts from female recipients of male cells showed the presence of Y chromosome, indicating the donor origin of fibroblasts. Cultured fibroblasts from the CML patients revealed the presence of BCR-ABL translocation. This demonstration provided strong evidence for the HSC origin of human fibroblasts because CML is a clonal disorder of the HSC. Conclusions These studies strongly suggest that human fibroblasts are derived from HSCs. In addition, the results suggest that fibrosis seen in patients with CML may be a part of the clonal process.