Prevalence of Thyroid Autoimmunity in Women with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

• Published in: Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Vol. 57; no. 2; p. 96
• Main Authors: Godines-Enriquez, Myrna Souraye, Miranda-Velásquez, Silvia, Enríquez-Pérez, María Magdalena, Arce-Sánchez, Lidia, Martínez-Cruz, Nayeli, Flores-Robles, Claudia Montserrat, Aguayo-González, Patricia, Morales-Hernández, Fela Vanessa, Villarreal-Barranca, Alma, Suárez-Rico, Blanca Vianey, Montoya-Estrada, Araceli, Romo-Yáñez, José, Reyes-Muñoz, Enrique
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI 22.01.2021; MDPI AG
• Subjects: Abortion, Spontaneous; antithyroglobulin antibodies; antithyroperoxidase antibodies; Autoantibodies; Autoimmunity; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Prevalence; recurrent pregnancy loss; Retrospective Studies; thyroid autoimmunity; Thyroid Gland; Thyrotropin; thyroid autoimmunity; antithyroperoxidase antibodies; antithyroglobulin antibodies; recurrent pregnancy loss
• ISSN: 1648-9144; 1010-660X; 1648-9144
• DOI: 10.3390/medicina57020096

Thyroid autoimmunity (TAI) has been associated with a significantly increased risk of miscarriage in women with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of TAI in women with RPL and compare the clinical characteristics of positive and negative TAI women. This is a retrospective cross-sectional study; 203 women with RPL were included. Thyroid profile, anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO-Ab), and anti-thyroglobulin (TG-Ab) antibodies were measured in all participants. Clinical characteristics and causes of RPL were compared between positive and negative TAI. Prevalence of TAI was 14.8%; prevalence of positive TPO-Ab and TG-Ab was 12.3% and 4.9%, respectively. Women with TAI had significantly higher concentrations of thyrotropin (TSH) compared to women without TAI (4.8 ± 3.8 versus 3.1 ± 1.1, = 0.001). There was no significant difference in age, the number of gestations, miscarriages, state of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), or causes of RPL between women that were TAI-positive versus TAI-negative. Prevalence of positive TAI by cause of RPL was: endocrine 7/25 (28%), genetic 1/5 (20%), autoimmune 1/5 (20%), anatomic 8/55 (14.5%), and unexplained cause 13/112 (11.6%). The prevalence of TAI in women with RPL is 14.8%. Women with an endocrine cause have the highest prevalence of TAI.