Bacterial SET domain proteins and their role in eukaryotic chromatin modification

It has been shown by many researchers that SET-domain containing proteins modify chromatin structure and, as expected, genes coding for SET-domain containing proteins have been found in all eukaryotic genomes sequenced to date. However, during the last years, a great number of bacterial genomes have...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inFrontiers in genetics Vol. 5; p. 65
Main Author Alvarez-Venegas, Raúl
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 02.04.2014
Subjects
Bacteria
epigenetics
Genetics
histone methyltransferases
pathogen
SET-domain
symbiont
symbiont
pathogen
histone methyltransferases
bacteria
epigenetics
SET-domain
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Summary:It has been shown by many researchers that SET-domain containing proteins modify chromatin structure and, as expected, genes coding for SET-domain containing proteins have been found in all eukaryotic genomes sequenced to date. However, during the last years, a great number of bacterial genomes have been sequenced and an important number of putative genes involved in histone post-translational modifications (histone PTMs) have been identified in many bacterial genomes. Here, I aim at presenting an overview of SET domain genes that have been identified in numbers of bacterial genomes based on similarity to SET domains of eukaryotic histone methyltransferases. I will argue in favor of the hypothesis that SET domain genes found in extant bacteria are of bacterial origin. Then, I will focus on the available information on pathogen and symbiont SET-domain containing proteins and their targets in eukaryotic organisms, and how such histone methyltransferases allow a pathogen to inhibit transcriptional activation of host defense genes.
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This article was submitted to Epigenomics and Epigenetics, a section of the journal Frontiers in Genetics.
Reviewed by: Abhijit Shukla, Harvard Medical School, USA; Sateesh Kagale, National Research Council Canada, Canada
Edited by: Ilaria Negri, University of Turin, Italy
ISSN:1664-8021
1664-8021
DOI:10.3389/fgene.2014.00065