Evaluation of in vitro Antifungal Activity of Xylosma prockia (Turcz.) Turcz. (Salicaceae) Leaves Against Cryptococcus spp

• Published in: Frontiers in microbiology Vol. 10; p. 3114
• Main Authors: Folly, Mariany L C, Ferreira, Gabriella F, Salvador, Maiara R, Sathler, Ana A, da Silva, Guilherme F, Santos, Joice Castelo Branco, Dos Santos, Julliana R A, Nunes Neto, Wallace Ribeiro, Rodrigues, João Francisco Silva, Fernandes, Elizabeth Soares, da Silva, Luís Cláudio Nascimento, de Freitas, Gustavo José Cota, Denadai, Ângelo M, Rodrigues, Ivanildes V, Mendonça, Leonardo M, Monteiro, Andrea Souza, Santos, Daniel Assis, Cabrera, Gabriela M, Siless, Gastón, Lang, Karen L
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 06.02.2020
• Subjects: antifungal agents; biodiversity; Cryptococcus spp; Microbiology; natural products; Xylosma prockia; Xylosma prockia; natural products; Cryptococcus spp; antifungal agents; biodiversity
• ISSN: 1664-302X; 1664-302X
• DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.03114

species are responsible for important systemic mycosis and are estimated to cause millions of new cases annually. The available therapy is limited due to the high toxicity and the increasing rates of yeast resistance to antifungal drugs. Popularly known as "sucará," (Turcz.) Turcz. (Salicaceae) is a native plant from Brazil with little information on its pharmacological potential. In this work, we evaluated anticryptococcal effects of the leaf ethanolic extract of and its fractions against and . We also evaluated phenotypic alterations caused by ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) (chosen according to its biological results). The liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis of EAF demonstrated the presence of phenolic metabolites that belong to three structurally related groups as majority compounds: caffeoylquinic acid, coumaroyl-glucoside, and caffeoyl-glucoside/deoxyhexosyl-caffeoyl glucoside derivatives. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against and ranged from 8 to 64 mg/L and from 0.5 to 8 mg/L, for ethanolic extract and EAF, respectively. The EAF triggered an oxidative burst and promoted lipid peroxidation. EAF also induced a reduction of ergosterol content in the pathogen cell membrane. These effects were not associated with alterations in the cell surface charge or in the thermodynamic fingerprint of the molecular interaction between EAF and the yeasts evaluated. Cytotoxic experiments with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) demonstrated that EAF was more selective for yeasts than was PBMCs. The results may provide evidence that leaf extract might indeed be a potential source of antifungal agents.