Comprehensive Review of Recent Research Advances on Flame-Retardant Coatings for Building Materials: Chemical Ingredients, Micromorphology, and Processing Techniques

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 28; no. 4; p. 1842
• Main Author: Li, Fang-Fang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 15.02.2023; MDPI
• Subjects: Additives; Aluminum; Architecture; Building materials; Carbon monoxide; Cellulose; Chemical properties; Chemical research; Composition; Construction Materials; Decomposition; Fire resistant materials; fire-retardant coatings; Fireproofing agents; Fires; Flame Retardants; Flammable materials; graphene oxide; Heat; hot pressing; Hot Temperature; Hydrophobic surfaces; layer-by-layer self-assembly; Lignin; nanosheets; Polymers; Production processes; Protective coatings; Review; Textiles; China; building materials; graphene oxide; fire-retardant coatings; layer-by-layer self-assembly; hot pressing; nanosheets
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041842

Developing fire-retardant building materials is vital in reducing fire loss. The design and preparation of novel fire-retardant coatings merely require the adhesion of flame retardants with high fire-retardant characteristics on the surface, which is significantly more economical than adding excessive amounts of flame retardants into bulk building materials. Meanwhile, fire-retardant coating has excellent performance because it can block the self-sustaining mechanisms of heat and mass transfer over combustion interfaces. In recent years, research of fire-retardant coatings for building materials has been subject to rapid development, and a variety of novel environmentally benign fire-retardant coatings have been reported. Nonetheless, as the surface characteristics of various flammable building materials are contrastively different, selecting chemical ingredients and controlling the physical morphology of fire-retardant coatings for specific building materials is rather complicated. Thus, it is urgent to review the ideas and preparation methods for new fire-retardant coatings. This paper summarizes the latest research progress of fire-retardant building materials, focusing on the compositions and performances of fire-retardant coatings, as well as the principles of their bottom-up design and preparation methods on the surface of building materials.