Effects of Xuezhikang in patients with dyslipidemia: A multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled study

• Published in: Journal of clinical lipidology Vol. 8; no. 6; pp. 568 - 575
• Main Authors: Moriarty, Patrick M., Roth, Eli M., Karns, Adam, Ye, Ping, Zhao, Shui-Ping, Liao, Yuhua, Capuzzi, David M., Bays, Harold E., Zhang, Fumin, Liu, Shaowen, Reichman, Alan J., Brusco, Osvaldo A., Lu, Guoping, Lerman, Sam, Duan, Zhenwen, Guo, Shuren, Liu, Ping Lan, Zhao, Junxian, Zhang, Yan, Li, Simon
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.11.2014
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Apolipoproteins A - blood; Apolipoproteins B - blood; Atherosclerosis; Biological Products - immunology; Cardiovascular; China; Cholesterol; Cholesterol, HDL - blood; Cholesterol, LDL - blood; Drugs, Chinese Herbal - administration & dosage; Drugs, Chinese Herbal - adverse effects; Dyslipidemias - diagnosis; Dyslipidemias - drug therapy; Female; Gastrointestinal Diseases - etiology; Humans; Hypolipidemic Agents - administration & dosage; Hypolipidemic Agents - adverse effects; Lovastatin; Lovastatin - therapeutic use; Male; Middle Aged; Placebos - administration & dosage; Placebos - adverse effects; Red yeast rice; Triglycerides - blood; United States; Xuezhikang; United States; China; Lovastatin; Red yeast rice; Xuezhikang; Cholesterol; Atherosclerosis
• ISSN: 1933-2874; 1876-4789
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2014.09.002

Xuezhikang (XZK) is an extract of fermented red yeast rice that has lipid-lowering properties. To evaluate the effects of XZK on lipids in subjects with dyslipidemia but no coronary heart disease. A total of 116 adults with baseline non−high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non−HDL-C) levels of approximately 208 mg/dL and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels of approximately 175 mg/dL were randomized to either placebo or XZK 1200 or 2400 mg daily and treated for 12 weeks. A majority of the patients were white (53.4%) or Asian (37.1%). Daily XZK 1200 mg and 2400 mg for 4 to 12 weeks resulted in statistically significant (P < .001) and clinically meaningful decreases in non−HDL-C (∼24% reduction) and LDL-C (∼27% reduction) compared with placebo. XZK treatment at either dose enabled approximately 50% of subjects to reduce their LDL-C levels by ≥ 30%. Doubling the XZK daily dose from 1200 to 2400 mg at treatment week 8 caused an additional 4.6% reduction in LDL-C. Significant benefits were also observed across secondary efficacy variables, including total cholesterol (TC), apolipoprotein B (Apo B), triglycerides, HDL-C, the TC/HDL-C ratio, and the Apo B/Apo A-I ratio, at treatment week 8 or 12. XZK was safe and well tolerated. Safety and tolerability profiles were similar across treatment groups. Most adverse events were gastrointestinal. No subject experienced myopathy or markedly elevated liver transaminases or creatine kinase. Xuezhikang significantly reduced non−HDL-C and LDL-C, and was well tolerated. Further, longer-term studies in more diverse patient populations are needed to corroborate these findings. ►Xuezhikang (XZK) is an extract of red yeast rice with lipid-lowering effects.►Daily XZK 1200 to 2400 mg for 12 weeks decreased non−HDL-C by approximately 24% and LDL-C by approximately 27%.►XZK treatment at either dose enabled approximately 50% of patients to achieve a ≥30% decrease in LDL-C.►Xuezhikang was well tolerated. No subject developed myopathy.►Efficacy did not differ in American vs Chinese subjects.