Non-invasive High-Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation as Initial Respiratory Support for Preterm Infants With Respiratory Distress Syndrome

• Published in: Frontiers in pediatrics Vol. 9; p. 792160
• Main Authors: Lai, Shu-Hua, Xie, Ying-Ling, Chen, Zhi-Qing, Chen, Rong, Cai, Wen-Hong, Wu, Luo-Cheng, Lin, Yun-Feng, Zheng, Yi-Rong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 11.01.2022
• Subjects: biphasic positive airway pressure; non-invasive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation; non-invasive ventilation; Pediatrics; preterm infants; respiratory distress syndrome; non-invasive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation; respiratory distress syndrome; biphasic positive airway pressure; non-invasive ventilation; preterm infants
• ISSN: 2296-2360; 2296-2360
• DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.792160

The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and feasibility of nHFOV as initial respiratory support in preterm infants with RDS. This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 244 premature infants with RDS who were treated in our hospital from January 2016 to January 2019 and divided into the nHFOV group ( = 115) and the BiPAP group ( = 129) based on the initial respiratory support method. Respiratory outcomes showed that the rate of NIV failure during the first 72 hours of life in the nHFOV group was significantly lower than that in the BiPAP group. The time of NIV in the nHFOV group was significantly shorter than that in the BiPAP group. The time of supplemental oxygen in the nHFOV group was significantly shorter than that in the BiPAP group. The incidence of air leakage syndrome in the nHFOV group was significantly lower than that in the BiPAP group, and the length of hospital stay of the nHFOV group was also significantly shorter than that in the BiPAP group. Although the rate of infants diagnosed with BPD was similar between the two groups, the rate of severe BPD in the nHFOV group was significantly lower than that in the BiPAP group. This study showed that nHFOV as initial respiratory support for preterm infants with RDS was feasible and safe compared to BiPAP. Furthermore, nHFOV can reduce the need for IMV and reduce the incidence of severe BPD and air leak syndrome.