Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Salmonella Serotypes in Chickens from Retail Markets in Yaounde (Cameroon)

• Published in: Microbial drug resistance (Larchmont, N.Y.) Vol. 16; no. 2; pp. 171 - 176
• Main Authors: Wouafo, Marguerite, Nzouankeu, Ariane, Kinfack, Junie Atangana, Fonkoua, Marie-Christine, Ejenguele, Guy, Njine, Thomas, Ngandjio, Antoinette
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Mary Ann Liebert, Inc 01.06.2010
• Subjects: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Antibacterial agents; Antimicrobial agents; Cameroon; Causes of; Chickens - microbiology; Complications and side effects; Demographic aspects; Dosage and administration; Drug resistance; Drug resistance in microorganisms; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Drug therapy; Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field - methods; Food Contamination; Meat - microbiology; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Poultry; Prevalence; Risk factors; Salmonella; Salmonella - classification; Salmonella - drug effects; Salmonella - isolation & purification; Salmonella food poisoning; Serotyping; Veterinary Microbiology; Cameroon
• ISSN: 1076-6294; 1931-8448
• DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2009.0127

From February 2006 to January 2007, 150 chickens were collected from eight retail markets in Yaounde, and 90 (60%) tested positive for Salmonella . Seventy-nine chickens were contaminated with only one Salmonella serotype, 10 with two different serotypes, and 1 with four serotypes. The most prevalent serotypes were Enteritidis (47 strains) and Hadar (29 strains). The isolates were tested for their susceptibilities to amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefoxitin, cefotaxime, gentamicin, streptomycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethazole by disk diffusion assay. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of ampicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline, sulfonamides, and nalidixic acid were determined for the resistant strains by agar dilution method. Eleven isolates (10.7%) of the 103 tested were susceptible to all antimicrobials. Resistance was most observed to tetracycline (84.5%), streptomycin (44.7%), and nalidixic acid (34%). Forty-one isolates (39.8%) were multidrug resistant (resistant to three or more antimicrobials from different classes), of which 68.3% were Hadar and 21.9% Enteritidis. The most frequent resistant pattern in Hadar was streptomycin–tetracycline–nalidixic acid. These results highlight once more the need for surveillance of Salmonella contamination in poultry.