From ingestion to colonization: the influence of the host environment on regulation of the LEE encoded type III secretion system in enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli

Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) binds to host tissue and intimately attaches to intestinal cells using a dedicated type III secretion system (T3SS). This complex multi-protein organelle is encoded within a large pathogenicity island called the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE), which i...

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Published inFrontiers in microbiology Vol. 6; p. 568
Main Authors Connolly, James P R, Finlay, B Brett, Roe, Andrew J
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 05.06.2015
Subjects
environmental
Escherichia coli
host
Microbiology
regulation
secretion
Virulence
host
environmental
secretion
regulation
virulence
Escherichia coli
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Summary:Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) binds to host tissue and intimately attaches to intestinal cells using a dedicated type III secretion system (T3SS). This complex multi-protein organelle is encoded within a large pathogenicity island called the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE), which is subject to extensive regulatory control. Over the past 15 years we have gained a wealth of knowledge concerning how the LEE is regulated transcriptionally by specific, global and phage encoded regulators. More recently, significant advances have been made in our understanding of how specific signals, including host or microbiota derived metabolic products and various nutrient sources, can affect how the LEE-encoded T3SS is regulated. In this review we discuss regulation of the LEE, focusing on how these physiologically relevant signals are sensed and how they affect the expression of this major virulence factor. The implications for understanding the disease process by specific regulatory mechanisms are also discussed.
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Reviewed by: Victoria Auerbuch, University of California, Santa Cruz, USA; Matthew S. Francis, Umeå University, Sweden
Edited by: Dongsheng Zhou, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, China
This article was submitted to Food Microbiology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Microbiology.
ISSN:1664-302X
1664-302X
DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2015.00568