Effect of Mucosal Brushing on the Serum Levels of C-Reactive Protein for Patients Hospitalized with Acute Symptoms

• Published in: Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Vol. 56; no. 10; p. 549
• Main Authors: Nakahodo, Naoko, Nomura, Yoshiaki, Oshiro, Takumi, Otsuka, Ryoko, Kakuta, Erika, Okada, Ayako, Inai, Yuko, Takei, Noriko, Hanada, Nobuhiro
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI 19.10.2020; MDPI AG
• Subjects: body temperature; C-reactive protein; C-Reactive Protein - analysis; Critical Illness; Humans; mixed effect model; Mouth Mucosa; mucosal brushing; Mucous Membrane; oral care; Tongue; Toothbrushing; oral care; mucosal brushing; body temperature; C-reactive protein; mixed effect model
• ISSN: 1648-9144; 1010-660X; 1648-9144
• DOI: 10.3390/medicina56100549

This study was based in a hospital setting. Patients with acute symptoms face a life-threatening crisis and often have systemic complications during the convalescence stage. During the acute stage, oral function does not work and oral hygiene status deteriorates. A gauze or sponge brush is generally used to wipe the oral cavity; however, this process does not clean the oral cavity enough. Effective oral care requires better methods. Patients participating in this study were all hospitalized by ambulance and with acute symptoms. During the convalescence stage, patients were assigned application of mucosal brushing or wiping by gauze or sponge brush by order of hospitalization. The effects were evaluated by the number of bacteria on the tongue surface, serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and body temperature. Changes in bacterial count, body temperature, and CRP were effectively reduced in the mucosal brushing group compared to the wiping by gauze or sponge brush group. Based on mixed effect modeling, the coefficient of mucosal brushing for CRP was -2.296 and for body temperature was -0.067 and statistically significant. This simple method can effectively prevent systemic complication of inpatients with deteriorated oral conditions. This method may also be effective for the elderly in nursing homes or perioperative oral-care management.