Colorectal cancer screening: An updated review of the available options

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, colon cancer incidence and mortality is declining over the past decade owing to adoption of effective screening programs. Nevertheless, in some parts of the world, CRC incidence and mortality remain on the...

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Published inWorld journal of gastroenterology : WJG Vol. 23; no. 28; pp. 5086 - 5096
Main Authors Issa, Iyad A, Noureddine, Malak
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 28.07.2017
Subjects
Colonoscopy - economics
Colorectal Neoplasms - diagnosis
Colorectal Neoplasms - economics
Colorectal Neoplasms - epidemiology
Colorectal Neoplasms - prevention & control
Cost-Benefit Analysis
Early Detection of Cancer - economics
Early Detection of Cancer - methods
Early Detection of Cancer - standards
Guideline Adherence
Health Care Costs
Humans
Incidence
Mass Screening - economics
Mass Screening - methods
Mass Screening - standards
Occult Blood
Review
Risk Assessment
Screening
Colonoscopy
Colorectal cancer
Fecal DNA test
Blood DNA test
Occult blood
Guidelines
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Summary:Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, colon cancer incidence and mortality is declining over the past decade owing to adoption of effective screening programs. Nevertheless, in some parts of the world, CRC incidence and mortality remain on the rise, likely due to factors including "westernized" diet, lifestyle, and lack of health-care infrastructure and resources. Participation and adherence to different national screening programs remain obstacles limiting the achievement of screening goals. Different modalities are available ranging from stool based tests to radiology and endoscopy with varying sensitivity and specificity. However, the availability of these tests is limited to areas with high economic resources. Recently, FDA approved a blood-based test (Epi procolon ) for CRC screening. This blood based test may serve to increase the participation and adherence rates. Hence, leading to increase in colon cancer detection and prevention. This article will discuss various CRC screening tests with a particular focus on the data regarding the new approved blood test. Finally, we will propose an algorithm for a simple cost-effective CRC screening program.
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Author contributions: All authors equally contributed to this paper with conception and design of the study, literature review and analysis, drafting and critical revision and editing, and final approval of the final version.
Telephone: +961-1-737377 Fax: + 961-1-737399
Correspondence to: Iyad A Issa, MD, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rafik Hariri University Hospital, Specialty Clinics Center 4B, Hamra, Maamari Street, 33967 Beirut, Lebanon. rhuh.cmo@bguh.gov.lb
ISSN:1007-9327
2219-2840
2219-2840
DOI:10.3748/wjg.v23.i28.5086