The role of iron in the skin and cutaneous wound healing

In this review article we discuss current knowledge about iron in the skin and the cutaneous wound healing process. Iron plays a key role in both oxidative stress and photo-induced skin damage. The main causes of oxidative stress in the skin include reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in the ski...

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Published inFrontiers in pharmacology Vol. 5; p. 156
Main Authors Wright, Josephine A, Richards, Toby, Srai, Surjit K S
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 10.07.2014
Subjects
Iron
Iron Chelating Agents
Pharmacology
Skin
Ultraviolet Rays
Wound Healing
skin
iron
iron chelating agents
ultraviolet
wound-healing
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Summary:In this review article we discuss current knowledge about iron in the skin and the cutaneous wound healing process. Iron plays a key role in both oxidative stress and photo-induced skin damage. The main causes of oxidative stress in the skin include reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in the skin by ultraviolet (UVA) 320-400 nm portion of the UVA spectrum and biologically available iron. We also discuss the relationships between iron deficiency, anemia and cutaneous wound healing. Studies looking at this fall into two distinct groups. Early studies investigated the effect of anemia on wound healing using a variety of experimental methodology to establish anemia or iron deficiency and focused on wound-strength rather than effect on macroscopic healing or re-epithelialization. More recent animal studies have investigated novel treatments aimed at correcting the effects of systemic iron deficiency and localized iron overload. Iron overload is associated with local cutaneous iron deposition, which has numerous deleterious effects in chronic venous disease and hereditary hemochromatosis. Iron plays a key role in chronic ulceration and conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and Lupus Erythematosus are associated with both anemia of chronic disease and dysregulation of local cutaneous iron hemostasis. Iron is a potential therapeutic target in the skin by application of topical iron chelators and novel pharmacological agents, and in delayed cutaneous wound healing by treatment of iron deficiency or underlying systemic inflammation.
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Edited by: Raffaella Gozzelino, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Portugal
This article was submitted to Drug Metabolism and Transport, a section of the journal Frontiers in Pharmacology.
Reviewed by: Edward Pelle, Estée Lauder Inc., USA; Maureane Hoffman, Duke University Medical Center, USA
ISSN:1663-9812
1663-9812
DOI:10.3389/fphar.2014.00156