White light employing luminescent engineered large (mega) Stokes shift molecules: a review
Large (mega) Stokes shift molecules have shown great potential in white light emission for optoelectronic applications, such as flat panel display technology, light-emitting diodes, photosensitizers, molecular probes, cellular and bioimaging, and other applications. This review aims to summarize rec...
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| Published in | RSC advances Vol. 11; no. 22; pp. 1349 - 13445 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
Royal Society of Chemistry
12.04.2021
The Royal Society of Chemistry |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Summary: | Large (mega) Stokes shift molecules have shown great potential in white light emission for optoelectronic applications, such as flat panel display technology, light-emitting diodes, photosensitizers, molecular probes, cellular and bioimaging, and other applications. This review aims to summarize recent developments of white light generation that incorporate a large Stokes shift component, key approaches to designing large Stokes shift molecules, perspectives on future opportunities, and remaining challenges confronting this emerging research field. After a brief introduction of feasible pathways in generating white light, exemplifications of large Stokes shift molecules as white light candidates from organic and inorganic-based materials are illustrated. Various possible ways to design such molecules have been revealed by integrating the photophysical mechanisms that are essential to produce red-shifted emission upon photoexcitation, such as excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT), intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), excited state geometrical relaxation or structural deformation, aggregation-induced emission (AIE) alongside the different formations of aggregates, interplay between monomer and excimer emission, host-guest interaction, and lastly metal to ligand charge transfer (MLCT)
via
harvesting triplet state. Furthermore, previously reported fluorescent materials are described and categorized based on luminescence behaviors on account of the Stokes shifts value. This review will serve as a rationalized introduction and reference for researchers who are interested in exploring large or mega Stokes shift molecules, and will motivate new strategies along with instigation of persistent efforts in this prominent subject area with great avenues.
Illustration of white light designated with the 1931-CIE coordinate of (0.33, 0.33), and photophysical mechanisms that contribute to large Stoke shift molecules. |
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| Bibliography: | Dr Azila Idris received her PhD degree from Monash University, Australia in 2014. She is currently a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, Malaysia. Her research focuses on biomass utilisation (protein and lignocellulosic), synthesis of heterocyclic compounds and fluorescence studies. Dr Zul Hazrin Zainal Abidin received his PhD degree in Advanced Materials from the Department of Physics, University of Malaya in 2006. He is now an Associate Professor in the Faculty of Science, University of Malaya. His current research is focused on dyes and pigments, coatings, materials in dye-sensitised solar cells, redox mediator, and gel polymer electrolytes applications. Nadia Nabihah Mohd Yusof Chan received her BSc degree in Chemistry from University of Malaya, Malaysia in 2018. Since 2019, she has been a doctoral student in the Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya. Her research interest includes the synthesis of fluorescent materials for white light emission, Stokes shift, and detailed analysis on the photoluminescence properties of molecules. Professor Zanariah Abdullah received her Doctoral Degree from Queen Mary, University of London, United Kingdom in 1989. She joined the Faculty of Science, University of Malaya since 1989, and took up her current position in 2000. Her research interest involves the synthesis and study of luminescent materials and heterocyclic compounds for various applications, including molecular probes and sensors, white light emitter and bioactivities. Dr Hairul Anuar Tajuddin received his BSc and MSc degrees from the Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, and PhD degree from the University of Sheffield, United Kingdom. He became a member of the Faculty of Science, University of Malaya since 2007, and is currently an Associate Professor. His research work involves physical organic chemistry, heterocyclic amphiphiles, organic dyes, organic emitters and colorimetric sensors. ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-3 |
| ISSN: | 2046-2069 2046-2069 |
| DOI: | 10.1039/d1ra00129a |