Opportunities for Improving Waterlogging Tolerance in Cereal Crops—Physiological Traits and Genetic Mechanisms

Waterlogging occurs when soil is saturated with water, leading to anaerobic conditions in the root zone of plants. Climate change is increasing the frequency of waterlogging events, resulting in considerable crop losses. Plants respond to waterlogging stress by adventitious root growth, aerenchyma f...

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Published inPlants (Basel) Vol. 10; no. 8; p. 1560
Main Authors Tong, Cen, Hill, Camilla Beate, Zhou, Gaofeng, Zhang, Xiao-Qi, Jia, Yong, Li, Chengdao
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 29.07.2021
MDPI
Subjects
Acidosis
Adenosine triphosphate
Agricultural production
Anaerobic conditions
Aquaporins
Arabidopsis
Barley
Breeding methods
Cereal crops
Chlorophyll
Climate change
Corn
Crops
Energy
Energy metabolism
Enzymes
Floods
Gene mapping
Genes
Genotypes
Germplasm
Homology
Hydraulics
Hypoxia
maize
Metabolism
Photosynthesis
Physiological effects
Physiology
Plant growth
Quantitative trait loci
Respiration
Review
Rice
Root zone
Saturated soils
Senescence
Soil water
Storm damage
Water shortages
Water transportation
Waterlogged ground
Waterlogging
waterlogging tolerance mechanism
Wheat
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Summary:Waterlogging occurs when soil is saturated with water, leading to anaerobic conditions in the root zone of plants. Climate change is increasing the frequency of waterlogging events, resulting in considerable crop losses. Plants respond to waterlogging stress by adventitious root growth, aerenchyma formation, energy metabolism, and phytohormone signalling. Genotypes differ in biomass reduction, photosynthesis rate, adventitious roots development, and aerenchyma formation in response to waterlogging. We reviewed the detrimental effects of waterlogging on physiological and genetic mechanisms in four major cereal crops (rice, maize, wheat, and barley). The review covers current knowledge on waterlogging tolerance mechanism, genes, and quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with waterlogging tolerance-related traits, the conventional and modern breeding methods used in developing waterlogging tolerant germplasm. Lastly, we describe candidate genes controlling waterlogging tolerance identified in model plants Arabidopsis and rice to identify homologous genes in the less waterlogging-tolerant maize, wheat, and barley.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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ObjectType-Review-1
ISSN:2223-7747
2223-7747
DOI:10.3390/plants10081560