Deep Learning in Medical Imaging: General Overview

• Published in: Korean journal of radiology Vol. 18; no. 4; pp. 570 - 584
• Main Authors: Lee, June-Goo, Jun, Sanghoon, Cho, Young-Won, Lee, Hyunna, Kim, Guk Bae, Seo, Joon Beom, Kim, Namkug
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Korea (South) The Korean Society of Radiology 01.07.2017; 대한영상의학회
• Subjects: Accuracy; Algorithms; Artificial intelligence; Big Data; Classification; Decision making; Deep learning; Experiment, Engineering, and Physics; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Knee - diagnostic imaging; Machine learning; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Medical imaging; Neural networks; Neural Networks (Computer); Neurons; Optical Imaging - methods; Radiology; Support vector machines; 방사선과학; Precision medicine; Recurrent Neural Network; Computer-aided; Convolutional neural network; Machine learning; Radiology; Artificial intelligence
• ISSN: 1229-6929; 2005-8330; 2005-8330
• DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2017.18.4.570

The artificial neural network (ANN)-a machine learning technique inspired by the human neuronal synapse system-was introduced in the 1950s. However, the ANN was previously limited in its ability to solve actual problems, due to the vanishing gradient and overfitting problems with training of deep architecture, lack of computing power, and primarily the absence of sufficient data to train the computer system. Interest in this concept has lately resurfaced, due to the availability of big data, enhanced computing power with the current graphics processing units, and novel algorithms to train the deep neural network. Recent studies on this technology suggest its potentially to perform better than humans in some visual and auditory recognition tasks, which may portend its applications in medicine and healthcare, especially in medical imaging, in the foreseeable future. This review article offers perspectives on the history, development, and applications of deep learning technology, particularly regarding its applications in medical imaging.