Post-kala-azar dermal Leishmaniasis in two different clinical contexts

• Published in: Anais brasileiros de dermatología Vol. 90; no. 3 Suppl 1; pp. 108 - 110
• Main Authors: Barroso, Daniel Holanda, Silva, Claúdia Elise Ferraz, Perdigao e Vasconcelos, Ana Carolina Depes, Cavalcanti, Silvana Maria de Morais, Brito, Maria Edileuza Felinto de, Medeiros, Angela Cristina Rapela
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English; Portuguese
• Published: Brazil Sociedade Brasileira de Dermatologia 01.06.2015
• Subjects: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - drug therapy; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - immunology; Amphotericin B - therapeutic use; Antiprotozoal Agents - therapeutic use; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active - adverse effects; DERMATOLOGY; HIV; HIV Infections - drug therapy; Humans; Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome; Leishmania infantum; Leishmaniasis; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - drug therapy; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - immunology; Leishmaniasis, Visceral - drug therapy; Leishmaniasis, Visceral - immunology; Male; Skin diseases; Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome; Skin diseases; Leishmania infantum; Leishmaniasis; HIV; Dermatology
• ISSN: 0365-0596; 1806-4841; 1806-4841; 0365-0596
• DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20153373

In Brazil, visceral Leishmaniasis is caused by Leishmania chagasi. The development of cutaneous lesions in visceral leishmaniasis patients has been described in two different clinical contexts. Patients with compromised immunity can develop skin lesions as a direct consequence of a current visceral disease. Equally, patients with a history of kala-azar and progressive, immune improvement occasionally develop skin lesions as a consequence of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. These cases manifest in similar fashion to the classic form of post-kala-azar dermal Leishmaniasis. We describe different cases that exemplify these two clinical presentations.