Derivation and simulation of a computational model of active cell populations: How overlap avoidance, deformability, cell-cell junctions and cytoskeletal forces affect alignment

• Published in: PLoS computational biology Vol. 20; no. 7; p. e1011879
• Main Authors: Leech, Vivienne, Kenny, Fiona N, Marcotti, Stefania, Shaw, Tanya J, Stramer, Brian M, Manhart, Angelika
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 29.07.2024; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Agent based models; Biology and Life Sciences; Cells; Computer and Information Sciences; Medicine and Health Sciences; Physical Sciences; Research and Analysis Methods; Austria
• ISSN: 1553-7358; 1553-734X; 1553-7358
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011879

Collective alignment of cell populations is a commonly observed phenomena in biology. An important example are aligning fibroblasts in healthy or scar tissue. In this work we derive and simulate a mechanistic agent-based model of the collective behaviour of actively moving and interacting cells, with a focus on understanding collective alignment. The derivation strategy is based on energy minimisation. The model ingredients are motivated by data on the behaviour of different populations of aligning fibroblasts and include: Self-propulsion, overlap avoidance, deformability, cell-cell junctions and cytoskeletal forces. We find that there is an optimal ratio of self-propulsion speed and overlap avoidance that maximises collective alignment. Further we find that deformability aids alignment, and that cell-cell junctions by themselves hinder alignment. However, if cytoskeletal forces are transmitted via cell-cell junctions we observe strong collective alignment over large spatial scales.