Microvascular dysfunction and skeletal muscle oxygenation assessed by phase-modulation near-infrared spectroscopy in patients with septic shock

• Published in: Intensive care medicine Vol. 31; no. 12; pp. 1661 - 1668
• Main Authors: DE BLASI, Roberto Alberto, PALMISANI, Stefano, ALAMPI, Daniela, MERCIERI, Marco, ROMANO, Rocco, COLLINI, Saul, PINTO, Giovanni
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Heidelberg Springer 01.12.2005; Berlin Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Aged; Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy; Biological and medical sciences; Blood; Blood vessels; Care and treatment; Case studies; Case-Control Studies; Causes of; Compliance; Emergency and intensive care: infection, septic shock; Female; Hemoglobin; Hospitals; Humans; Intensive care; Intensive care medicine; Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects); Ischemia; Male; Medical sciences; Metabolism; Microcirculation; Middle Aged; Muscle, Skeletal - blood supply; Musculoskeletal system; Near infrared spectroscopy; Nervous system; Oxygen - metabolism; Oxygen Consumption; Prospective Studies; Pulmonary arteries; Radiodiagnosis. Nmr imagery. Nmr spectrometry; Risk factors; Sepsis; Shock, Septic - physiopathology; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared; Spectrum analysis; Statistics, Nonparametric; United States; Mechanical compliance; Human; Vascular compliance; Oxygen; Intensive care; Phase modulation; Oxygen consumption; Septic shock; Striated muscle; Oxygen content; Near-infrared spectroscopy; Infection; Microcirculation; Near infrared spectrometry; Oxygenation; Resuscitation
• ISSN: 0342-4642; 1432-1238
• DOI: 10.1007/s00134-005-2822-y

Sepsis is now considered a disease of the microcirculation. Little is known about the various sepsis-induced changes responsible for microvascular dysfunction. We investigated human microvascular function, regulation, oxygenation, and cellular metabolism during subacute septic shock. Prospective case-control study in a nine-bed polyvalent surgical ICU of a university hospital. A prospectively enrolled group of 26 patients (13 with septic shock, 13 nonseptic postsurgical patients) and 15 healthy volunteer controls. The absolute tissue hemoglobin concentrations (oxygenated hemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin) were measured noninvasively in arterioles, capillaries, and venules by phase-modulation near-infrared spectroscopy in the human brachioradial muscle during a series of venous occlusions and an arterial occlusion (ischemia) induced by applying a pneumatic cuff. These measurements were used to calculate tissue blood volume, postischemic hemoglobin resaturation time, microvascular compliance, and O2 consumption. Patients with sepsis had significantly higher tissue blood volume values and lower compliance than healthy controls. They also had longer postischemic hemoglobin resaturation times than the other two groups and blunted resaturation curves. O2 consumption was lower in patients with sepsis than in healthy controls. In patients with septic shock cuff-induced ischemia left O2 consumption unchanged, whereas in healthy volunteers it reduced O2 consumption to values almost matching those of patients with septic shock. These findings show that septic shock alters microvascular muscle function and regulation. Diminished local VO2 presumably reflects maldistribution and faulty autoregulation of local blood flow.