Bacterial and Archaeal Communities Variability Associated with Upwelling and Anthropogenic Pressures in the Protection Area of Arraial do Cabo (Cabo Frio region - RJ)

• Published in: Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências Vol. 87; no. 3; pp. 1737 - 1750
• Main Authors: Coelho-Souza, Sergio A, Araújo, Fábio V, Cury, Juliano C, Jesus, Hugo E, Pereira, Gilberto C, Guimarães, Jean R D, Peixoto, Raquel S, Dávila, Alberto M R, Rosado, Alexandre S
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English; Portuguese
• Published: Brazil Academia Brasileira de Ciências 01.09.2015
• Subjects: Ammonia - analysis; Archaea - classification; Archaea - genetics; Archaea - growth & development; Bacteria - classification; Bacteria - genetics; Bacteria - growth & development; Brazil; citometria de fluxo; Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis; disponibilidade de nutrientes; diversidade microbiana; incorporação de leucina; MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES; Principal Component Analysis; Seawater - microbiology; Sistema Brasileiro de Ressurgência; temperatura; Temperature; Brazil; Brazilian Upwelling System; citometria de fluxo; nutrients availability; disponibilidade de nutrientes; Sistema Brasileiro de Ressurgência; temperature; diversidade microbiana; flow cytometry; microbial diversity; leucine incorporation; incorporação de leucina; temperatura
• ISSN: 0001-3765; 1678-2690; 1678-2690
• DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201520140098

Upwelling systems contain a high diversity of pelagic microorganisms and their composition and activity are defined by factors like temperature and nutrient concentration. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) technique was used to verify the spatial and temporal genetic variability of Bacteria and Archaea in two stations of the Arraial do Cabo coastal region, one under upwelling pressure and another under anthropogenic pressure. In addition, biotic and abiotic variables were measured in surface and deep waters from three other stations between these stations. Six samplings were done during a year and adequately represented the degrees of upwelling and anthropogenic pressures to the system. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed negative correlations between the concentrations of ammonia and phosphorous with prokaryotic secondary production and the total heterotrophic bacteria. PCA also showed negative correlation between temperature and the abundance of prokaryotic cells. Bacterial and archaeal compositions were changeable as were the oceanographic conditions, and upwelling had a regional pressure while anthropogenic pressure was punctual. We suggest that the measurement of prokaryotic secondary production was associated with both Bacteria and Archaea activities, and that substrate availability and temperature determine nutrients cycling.