Role of PARP-1 in mitochondrial homeostasis

• Published in: Biochimica et biophysica acta. General subjects Vol. 1864; no. 10; p. 129669
• Main Authors: Kadam, Ashlesha, Jubin, Tina, Roychowdhury, Rittwika, Begum, Rasheedunnisa
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.10.2020
• Subjects: Animals; cell death; DNA, Mitochondrial - metabolism; Energy Metabolism; Homeostasis; Humans; mitochondria; Mitochondria - metabolism; Mitochondria - pathology; Mitochondrial bioenergetics; mitochondrial DNA; Mitochondrial homeostasis; Mitophagy; NAD+ pool; PARP-1; Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 - analysis; Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 - metabolism; Sirtuins; therapeutics; Sirtuins; Mitochondrial homeostasis; Mitochondrial bioenergetics; PARP-1; NAD+ pool; NAD(+) pool
• ISSN: 0304-4165; 1872-8006; 1872-8006
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129669

Nuclear poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is a well characterised protein that accounts for the majority of PARylation reactions using NAD+ as a substrate, regulating diverse cellular functions. In addition to its nuclear functions, several recent studies have identified localization of PARP-1 in mitochondria and emphasized its possible role in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. Various reports suggest that nuclear PARP-1 has been implicated in diverse mitochondria-specific communication processes. The present review emphasizes on the potential role of PARP-1 in mitochondrial processes such as bioenergetics, mtDNA maintenance, cell death and mitophagy. The origin of mitochondrial PARP-1 is still an enigma; however researchers are trying to establish the cross-talk between nuclear and mitochondrial PARP-1 and how these PARP-1 pools modulate mitochondrial activity. A better understanding of the possible role of PARP-1 in mitochondrial homeostasis helps us to explore the potential therapeutic targets to protect mitochondrial dysfunctions. •Nuclear PARP-1 has been involved in various cellular processes.•The existence of PARP-1 in mitochondria is still debated. Hence, its role in mitochondrial activities remains unknown.•The current review provides understanding of the role of PARP in mitochondrial biology.