Epidural analgesia following upper abdominal surgery: United Kingdom practice
Background: Epidural Analgesia (EA) may be used to provide pain relief after upper abdominal surgery. A variety of drugs and combinations may be used. Potential side effects lead some to believe EA should be restricted to high care areas. Method: The use of EA following upper abdominal surgery is su...
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Published in | Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica Vol. 41; no. 1; pp. 18 - 24 |
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Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Oxford, UK
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.01.1997
Blackwell |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Background: Epidural Analgesia (EA) may be used to provide pain relief after upper abdominal surgery. A variety of drugs and combinations may be used. Potential side effects lead some to believe EA should be restricted to high care areas.
Method: The use of EA following upper abdominal surgery is surveyed in 214 hospitals in the United Kingdom by means of a postal questionnaire.
Results: Sixty‐seven percent use EA frequently and 3% not at all. The low thoracic site is the most commonly used, by 65%. Forty‐eight percent use a combination of sites. EA is most frequently achieved using a mixture of an opioid and a local anaesthetic (97%). No other agents are used. Fentanyl and diamorphine are the opioids used most widely (61% and 52% departments, respectively) in combination with local anaesthetic. Subcutaneous heparin is regularly used in 89% of departments. In 43%, the epidural is sited shortly after administering heparin. Use of EA is restricted solely to intensive or high‐care units in 46% of hospitals. In 82% of departments, EA is continued for up to 72 h. Ninety‐six percent of departments use continuous epidural infusions in the postoperative period. Adjunct analgesia includes non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs in 50% of departments. An anaesthetist supervises EA in 89% of hospitals. EA is considered to be the best mode of analgesia available by 80% of respondents.
Conclusion: EA is widely used in the United Kingdom following upper abdominal surgery. A degree of consensus exists on the choice of drug types, their method of administration and duration. There is no consensus as to whether the technique should be used on a general ward, which opioid should be used or the timing of heparin. |
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Bibliography: | istex:20B207D2AB8BD861ABAACBA6568B719AE740AA1F ArticleID:AAS18 ark:/67375/WNG-0HB0275H-T ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 0001-5172 1399-6576 |
DOI: | 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1997.tb04608.x |