Misleading Suggestions can Alter Later Memory Reports even Following a Cognitive Interview

• Published in: Applied cognitive psychology Vol. 28; no. 1; pp. 1 - 9
• Main Authors: LaPaglia, Jessica A., Wilford, Miko M., Rivard, Jillian R., Chan, Jason C. K., Fisher, Ronald P.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chichester Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.01.2014; Wiley; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Attention; Biological and medical sciences; Cognitive interviews; Cognitive psychology; Free recall; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Human; Information retrieval; Learning. Memory; Memory; Misinformation; Performance evaluation; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychology. Psychophysiology; Recall; Retrieval; Suggestibility; Human; Testimony; Suggestion; Memory; Cognition; Cognitive interview; False memory; Experimental study
• ISSN: 0888-4080; 1099-0720
• DOI: 10.1002/acp.2950

SUMMARY Taking an immediate recall test prior to misinformation exposure can increase eyewitness suggestibility—a finding termed retrieval‐enhanced suggestibility. Here, we examined whether retrieval‐enhanced suggestibility would occur when participants were administered an immediate Cognitive Interview (CI). The CI is an investigative interviewing technique that consistently elicits more correct details in memory reports than standard interviews. In this study, participants watched a video of a crime and then completed a distractor task (control condition), a free recall test, or the CI. They then heard misinformation presented in a narrative. Participants produced more accurate memory details in the CI than in free recall despite spending equal time on both tasks. However, the CI also increased the later report of misinformation relative to the control condition. These results show that initial retrieval can increase subsequent suggestibility even when such retrieval occurs under relatively ideal conditions. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.