Patterns of Nutrient Intake in Relation to Gastric Cancer: A Case Control Study

Gastric Cancer (GC) is the most common cancer among Iranian men. We conducted a case-control study to investigate the association between patterns of nutrient intake and the risk of GC in Iran. We enrolled 178 GC patients and 271 controls matched for age and sex. We collected dietary intakes using a...

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Published inNutrition and cancer Vol. 74; no. 3; pp. 830 - 839
Main Authors Narmcheshm, Saba, Sasanfar, Bahareh, Hadji, Maryam, Zendehdel, Kazem, Toorang, Fatemeh, Azadbakht, Leila
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Taylor & Francis 2022
Taylor & Francis Ltd
Subjects
Animal products
Animal protein
Ascorbic acid
Cancer
Carbohydrates
Carotene
Case-Control Studies
Confidence intervals
Diet
Eating
Energy Intake
Factor analysis
Food intake
Food sources
Gastric cancer
Humans
Iran - epidemiology
Nutrients
Pantothenic acid
Proteins
Regression analysis
Regression models
Riboflavin
Risk Factors
Selenium
Statistical analysis
Stomach Neoplasms - epidemiology
Stomach Neoplasms - etiology
Subgroups
Vitamin E
Iran
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Summary:Gastric Cancer (GC) is the most common cancer among Iranian men. We conducted a case-control study to investigate the association between patterns of nutrient intake and the risk of GC in Iran. We enrolled 178 GC patients and 271 controls matched for age and sex. We collected dietary intakes using a validated diet history questionnaire. We performed factor analysis on 28 nutrients using multivariate logistic regression models on tertiles of factor scores and estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). We identified three nutrient patterns. The first pattern included pantothenic acid, riboflavin, zinc, animal protein, and calcium. Selenium, thiamin, carbohydrate, vegetable protein, niacin and low intake of vitamin E loaded the second pattern, and the third pattern was abundant in fiber, carotene, vitamin C and A. We found no significant association between GC and any of the dietary patterns. However, in the first patterns, men in the highest tertile had significantly higher odds of GC than the lowest (OR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.13-4.09, p trend = 0.02). A dietary pattern loaded by animal products may increase the risk of GC among Iranian men. Larger studies are required to approve these findings in overall and in different subgroups. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2021.1931697
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ISSN:0163-5581
1532-7914
DOI:10.1080/01635581.2021.1931697