Rest-Activity Rhythms Are Associated With Prevalent Cardiovascular Disease, Hypertension, Obesity, and Central Adiposity in a Nationally Representative Sample of US Adults
Rest-activity rhythms (RARs), a measure of circadian rhythmicity in the free-living setting, are related to mortality risk, but evidence is limited on associations with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors. Participants included 4521 adults from the 2013 to 2014 National Health and Nutr...
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Published in | Journal of the American Heart Association Vol. 13; no. 1; p. e032073 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
England
John Wiley and Sons Inc
02.01.2024
Wiley |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Rest-activity rhythms (RARs), a measure of circadian rhythmicity in the free-living setting, are related to mortality risk, but evidence is limited on associations with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors.
Participants included 4521 adults from the 2013 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey physical activity monitoring examination. Wrist-worn ActiGraph GT3X+ data were used to estimate RARs. Multivariable logistic models evaluated associations of RARs with prevalent CVD, hypertension, obesity, and central adiposity. Participants (mean age, 49 years) in the highest versus lowest tertile of relative amplitude (greater circadian rhythmicity) had 39% to 62% lower odds of prevalent CVD, hypertension, obesity, and central adiposity. A more active wake period was associated with 19% to 72% lower CVD, hypertension, obesity, and central adiposity odds. Higher interdaily stability (regular sleep-wake and rest-activity patterns) was related to 52% and 23% lower CVD and obesity odds, respectively. In contrast, participants in the highest versus lowest tertile of intradaily variability (fragmented RAR and inefficient sleep) had >3-fold and 24% higher CVD and obesity odds, respectively. A later and less restful sleep period was associated with 36% to 2-fold higher CVD, hypertension, obesity, and central adiposity odds. A statistically significant linear trend was observed for all associations (
-trend<0.05).
A robust, stable, and less fragmented RAR, an active wake period, and an earlier and more restful sleep period are associated with lower prevalent CVD, hypertension, obesity, and central adiposity, with evidence of a dose-response relationship. The magnitude, timing, and regularity of sleep-wake and rest-activity patterns may be important targets for reducing cardiovascular risk. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 For Sources of Funding and Disclosures, see page 11. This article was sent to Tiffany M. Powell‐Wiley, MD, MPH, Associate Editor, for review by expert referees, editorial decision, and final disposition. Supplemental Material is available at https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/suppl/10.1161/JAHA.122.032073 |
ISSN: | 2047-9980 2047-9980 |
DOI: | 10.1161/JAHA.122.032073 |