High‐Performance and Low‐Cost Sodium‐Ion Anode Based on a Facile Black Phosphorus−Carbon Nanocomposite

• Published in: ChemElectroChem Vol. 4; no. 9; pp. 2140 - 2144
• Main Authors: Peng, Bo, Xu, Yaolin, Liu, Kai, Wang, Xiaoqun, Mulder, Fokko M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Weinheim John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.09.2017
• Subjects: Anode effect; anode materials; Battery cycles; black phosphorus; Carbon; Carbon black; Chemical synthesis; Electrical conduction; Electrical resistivity; Electrochemical analysis; Flux density; Ion storage; Nanocomposites; Phosphorus; Rechargeable batteries; Sodium; Sodium-ion batteries; Stability
• ISSN: 2196-0216; 2196-0216
• DOI: 10.1002/celc.201700345

Black phosphorus (BP) has received increasing research attention as an anode material in sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), owing to its high capacity, electronic conductivity, and chemical stability. However, it is still challenging for BP‐based SIB anodes to achieve a high electrochemical performance utilizing cost‐effective materials and synthetic methods. This work presents a sodium‐ion anode based on a BP−carbon nanocomposite synthesized from commercial red phosphorus and low‐cost super P carbon black. Intimate interactions between BP and carbon are present, which helps to maintain the electrical conduction during cycling and, therefore, a high cycling stability is achieved. It exhibits a high capacity retention of 1381 mAh g−1 for sodium‐ion storage after 100 cycles, maintaining 90.5 % of the initial reversible capacity. Such high performance/materials cost ratio may provide direction for future phosphorus‐based anodes in high energy density SIBs. Material world: A black phosphorus−carbon nanocomposite is synthesized from commercial red phosphorus and low‐cost super P carbon black, and it exhibits an excellent performance/cost ratio, remarkable capacity retention, and cycling stability as the anode for sodium‐ion batteries.