Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance in Schoolchildren From a Developing Country

Overweight and obesity are prevalent in schoolchildren due to dietary habits and lack of exercise. These children are prone to metabolic syndrome (MS) and future risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Bhubaneswar City, Eastern India,...

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Published inFrontiers in nutrition (Lausanne) Vol. 7; p. 31
Main Authors Das, Rashmi Ranjan, Mangaraj, Manaswini, Panigrahi, Sandeep Kumar, Satapathy, Amit Kumar, Mahapatro, Samarendra, Ray, Partha Sarathi
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 31.03.2020
Subjects
cross-sectional study
HOMA-IR
metabolic syndrome
Nutrition
obesity
overweight
metabolic syndrome
HOMA-IR
cross-sectional study
overweight
obesity
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Summary:Overweight and obesity are prevalent in schoolchildren due to dietary habits and lack of exercise. These children are prone to metabolic syndrome (MS) and future risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Bhubaneswar City, Eastern India, among schoolchildren. Obesity and overweight were determined by the Indian Academy of Pediatrics guideline. Fasting venous blood samples were taken for insulin, blood glucose, and lipid levels measurement. Blood pressure was measured as per the protocol. The International Diabetic Federation (IDF) criteria for the definition of MS were followed. Insulin resistance was determined by a homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR). A total of 1,930 children were screened, of which 545 (28.2%) were overweight and obese. The male to female ratio was 1.27. The overall prevalence of MS was 21.8% (11% in 6 to ≤10 years old and 30.6% in 11 to 16 years old). A history of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, and hypertension in the family was present in 42.7%. Acanthosis nigricans was present in 46.4%. A history of exclusive breast feeding for 6 months was present in 68.1%. The mean HOMA-IR in children with MS was 5.46 compared to 2.18 in those without MS (insulin resistance was more common in children with MS). The present study found a higher prevalence of MS and insulin resistance in schoolchildren from Eastern India who are overweight/obese.
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Edited by: Jennie Cecile Brand-Miller, University of Sydney, Australia
This article was submitted to Nutrition and Metabolism, a section of the journal Frontiers in Nutrition
Reviewed by: María Teresa García-Conesa, Center for Edaphology and Applied Biology of Segura, Spanish National Research Council, Spain; Michael Skilton, The University of Sydney Central Clinical School, Australia
ISSN:2296-861X
2296-861X
DOI:10.3389/fnut.2020.00031